The accident Essay -- essays research papers

The Accident     Every once and awhile Ill look back on my life and Ill laugh. Particularly at the times I spent with my beat out friend Nate and all the mischief we caused. I look back now and I think what the HELL were we doing? How did we not die? Have you ever sat down and had a conversation with a male teen between the ages of 14-17? I shouldve been locked away for that period of my life, I swear I was temporarily insane. I had NO concept of "consequences" or "repercussions". I did whatever, whenever. Unfortunately this little package of immaturity also came with other lead thoughts much(prenominal) as a sense of invincibility, a total disregard for any authority, and taking pretty much EVERYTHING in my life for granted. Whats also unfortunate, is that I had to learn all of these life lessons the hard way, and in superstar horrible night when I was fairish sixteen and a half yrs old.     As I said, Nate and I are bes t friends, a little out of touch now, but best friends nonetheless. I guess it was the fact that we were both rebelling against the milieu we were slowly growing up in that it made us so much alike. In a town where white-pride isnt just common, more like a way of life, we were just a couple of 12 year old kids looking for an escape. Whats strange about growing up in a teeny-weeny town is that it encourages a sense of self-value, independence, and creativity which can be lost in large towns or cities. I mean, if youre not doing something creative in our town, what the sanatorium else would you be doing? So, Nate and I developed a VERY similar sense of humor. A dry sense of humor that I assume no one else really appreciated because we didnt have all that many other friends.      We entered middle school with hopes of new experiences and meeting new interesting people. This was when I met Jeff, my other life-long-hetero friend. Jeff and I played hockey together w hen we were eight. He quit, and I hadnt seen him since. Once I introduced him to Nate, we all became very close friends.     Finally the day came that every 16 year old dreams about. Jeff and I got our licenses. We were both a little older than most people in our graduating class, so we were a couple of the lucky kids. And on elevation of that, we both had very nice autos. Mine a ... ... at Nate, he was clutching his chest from a deep cut he got from the seat belt, I was most too ashamed to look directly at him, his face covered in blood. He looked at me and said Im sorry, I shouldnt have egged you on, Im sorry. Before I could respond Jeff interjected, Nah, I shouldnt have taken you guys down here, this was a stupid idea, Im an idiot. Im just so glad you guys arent dead. I couldnt believe this, I screwed up, almost killing one of my best friends and here they were trying to make excuses for MY mistake. The car was totaled, we drove through a fence, hit a tree and then a mound of dirt which was what tossed the car on its side. The backseat had collapsed, everything in the trunk was now in the front of the car. Most of it hitting Nate on the way there. We stood there. Quiet. In shock from all the life lessons we had just learned in about 5 seconds. You could almost feel the childhood slip away. It was then that I realized how lucky I was to have such great friends, and how precious life really is, and how it can be altered, permanently, so quickly. Ill think about this night every once in awhile. It reminds me how joyful I should be to still be alive.

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury :: Free Essay Writer

Fahrenheit 451Imagine a culture where books are prohibited, where the basic rights illustrated in the First Amendment hold no weighting and edict is merely a brainwashed, mechanical population. According to Ray Bradbury, the author of Fahrenheit 451, this depiction is actually an exaggerated forecast for the American future and in effect is happening around us e truly day. Simply reading his words can excite theories and arguments pertaining not only to the banning of books but to our disposal structure itself. Age-old debates about Communism and equality are stirred by the trials of characters in Bradburys unique world. By studying the protagonist, Guy Montag, and his individualized challenges we can, in a sense, evaluate our own lives to see that we dont run into similar mistakes. While the book is definitely a critique of society and of the government, readers are given many dominant themes to follow, and to find all of them requires several readings. The main plot, following Montag, illustrates the importance of making mistakes in order to grow. For example, at the very end of the book Granger (an outspoken rebel to the book-banning laws) compares mankind to a phoenix that burns itself up and then rises out of its ashes over and over again. Mans advantage is his ability to recognize when he has made an error, so that eventually he will learn not to make that mistake anymore. Remembering the faults of the past is the project Granger and his group have set for themselves. They believe that individuals are not as important as the collective mass of culture and history. The symbol of the phoenixs conversion refers not only to the cyclical nature of history and the collective rebirth of humankind but similarly to Montags own spiritual resurrection. Appropriately named, Guy is fitting a regular person who started out as a drone, following the dictations of his superficial leaders (his last name, Montag, is also ironic in that it is the name of a paper-m anufacturing company). Eventually, however, he begins to realize that while reflecting the morals of equality in that no one was above the law, his society also takes away the power of an individual to make a difference. He starts out rash, inarticulate, self-obsessed, and too easily swayed. At times he is not even aware of why he does things, feeling that his turn over are acting by themselves. These subconscious actions can be quite horrific, such as when he finds himself setting his supervisor on fire, but they also represent his deepest desires to rebel against the status quo and find a meaningful way to live.

A Separate Peace - The Role Of Minor Characters :: essays research papers

Without the minor characters the story "A Separate Peace" would be missing major points and it wouldnt run smoothly. The minor characters in the story head for the hills an important role in the way the story falls together and in causing Finny to die. The minor characters in this story set up considerate of props for other things to happen in the story. For example Brinkers conflict with cistron. The first part of the conflict begins in the merelyt room where Brinker brings factor ulterior on Finny has his fall. Brinker tries to tell everyone that Gene in fact did knock Finny off of the tree. Gene gets out by making up a crazy story but he is still mad at Brinker for this so he must get even. So later on in the story, at the winter carnival, Gene gives Brinker a reason to hold a stigma against him. Gene, caught up in the excitement, and getting back at Brinker for the butt room incident, pours some cider smooth Brinkers throat. This cider almost chokes Brinker which causes him to be angry at Gene and he must get even with Gene later. So even later in the story, as his revenge, Brinker sets up another political campaign about Genes pushing Finny off of the tree. He gets everyone into his ""court room" to watch the trial and he tries to prove that Gene did in fact push Finny off. The result of all of this revenge and the result of Brinkers existence is that Finny finds out the truth which is that Gene did knock him out of the tree on purpose. The major result is that Finny dies because of Brinker. So Brinker, being a minor character, has the role of partly causing Finny to die in the end. If it wasnt for Brinker, Finny would have still been alive. Minor characters also add plot and volume to the story and keep it alive. For example Lepers going to the state of war. When Leper goes to the war, it is brought as a surprise. This is because Leper is not expected to be a war going type of guy. Leper is a quiet, non athletic guy, making him not a very ideal war person. Brinker would have been expected to be the first to enlist in the war because he is so big and athletic. This is one part of the minor characters adding plot to the story.

Childhood Obesity in The United States Essay examples -- overweight, c

Over a half-century ago fleshiness, and stoutness has become a silent monster that creeps from within. Americans have been absent in the last fifty years with countless numbers of problems that it seems that we have forget about our very own waistline. But, what is the difference amid overweight and fleshiness? accord to the Center for Disease for Control and Prevention overweight means that a person has a corpse mass index or BMI between 25 through 29 and anything higher than a 30 is consider obese. In 2009 and 2010 the CDC stated that, more than 35% of U.S. men and women were obese(Carroll, Flegal, Kit, Ogden p.2). The obesity pestiferous has reached 1/3 of the United States adult population as a guide many have considered that the only way to manage this epidemic is by implying a fat taxation. This tax will target people who fit a specific profile, if they tip the scale they must pay. But the weight is non only targeted at adults, obesity has targeted the most vulnerab le people of our society, our children. According to the CDC obesity and overweight affects 17% (or 12.5 million) of children and adolescents aged 219(p.1.) One sidereal day this generation of children will be adults and they should not be paying a tax because of their weight. Drastic measures need to be taken to treat childhood obesity and avoid a fat tax. Food consumption is a common body function that everybody must fulfill. But why do we eat? According to Levine and Billington, the authors of Why do we eat? A Neural Systems Approach, we eat for a pastiche of reasons, including energy needs, time of day, social setting, stress, boredom, palatability/reward, and food availability at little or no cost. Historically, studies of energy metabolism have focused ... ...Sabrina Morrison a RN points out that, perversive or negative verbal feedback is a risk factor for the development of body dissatisfaction and eating disturbances such as bulimia, anorexia, and saturnalia eating di sorders (Lunner et al., 2000) (p. 203.) According to Morrison being bullied and teased will cause a child to develop bulimia, or anorexia. It is not a unknown fact that in severe cases where the persecution comes to such a cases that many children think of suicidal ideation and attempts associated with weight-biased teasing were two to three times higher among those teased then their nonteased peers. (Eisenberg et al., 2003) (p. 203.) Sadly children be having suicidal thoughts because of their weight and how much they are bullied at school. However, many think that the obesity and overweight epidemic is a problem that has been overrated and exaggerated. Childhood Obesity in The United States Essay examples -- overweight, cOver a half-century ago obesity, and overweight has become a silent monster that creeps from within. Americans have been preoccupied in the last fifty years with countless numbers of problems that it seems that we have forgotten about our very ow n waistline. But, what is the difference between overweight and obesity? According to the Center for Disease for Control and Prevention overweight means that a person has a body mass index or BMI between 25 through 29 and anything higher than a 30 is consider obese. In 2009 and 2010 the CDC stated that, more than 35% of U.S. men and women were obese(Carroll, Flegal, Kit, Ogden p.2). The obesity epidemic has reached 1/3 of the United States adult population as a result many have considered that the only way to manage this epidemic is by implying a fat tax. This tax will target people who fit a specific profile, if they tip the scale they must pay. But the weight is not only targeted at adults, obesity has targeted the most vulnerable people of our society, our children. According to the CDC obesity and overweight affects 17% (or 12.5 million) of children and adolescents aged 219(p.1.) One day this generation of children will be adults and they should not be paying a tax because of th eir weight. Drastic measures need to be taken to treat childhood obesity and avoid a fat tax. Food consumption is a common body function that everybody must fulfill. But why do we eat? According to Levine and Billington, the authors of Why do we eat? A Neural Systems Approach, we eat for a variety of reasons, including energy needs, time of day, social setting, stress, boredom, palatability/reward, and food availability at little or no cost. Historically, studies of energy metabolism have focused ... ...Sabrina Morrison a RN points out that, teasing or negative verbal feedback is a risk factor for the development of body dissatisfaction and eating disturbances such as bulimia, anorexia, and binge eating disorders (Lunner et al., 2000) (p. 203.) According to Morrison being bullied and teased will cause a child to develop bulimia, or anorexia. It is not a unknown fact that in severe cases where the persecution comes to such a cases that many children think of suicidal ideation and attempts associated with weight-biased teasing were two to three times higher among those teased then their nonteased peers. (Eisenberg et al., 2003) (p. 203.) Sadly children are having suicidal thoughts because of their weight and how much they are bullied at school. However, many think that the obesity and overweight epidemic is a problem that has been overrated and exaggerated.

Religion in the Works of Flannery OConnor Essay -- Biography Biograph

Religion in the Works of Flannery OConnor Religion is a pervasive theme in most of the literary works of the late Georgia writer Flannery OConnor. Four of her short stories in particular deal with the relationship between Christianity and society in the Southern give-and-take Belt A devout Man Is Hard to Find, The River, Good Country People, and Revelation. Louis D. Rubin, Jr. believes that the mixture of the primitive fundamentalism of her region, and the Roman Catholicism of her faith . . . makes her religious metaphor both well-refined and entertaining (70-71). OConnors stories give a grotesque and often stark vision of the clash between traditional Southern Christian values and the ever-changing social scene of the twentieth century. Three of the main religious ingredients that lend to this effect are the presence of presage meanings, revelations of divinity fudge, and the struggle between the powers of Satan and God. The divine symbols in OConnors works tend to be mostly apocalyptic in nature, exhibiting drastic cases of societal breakdown in a religious context, but occasionally, they express prophetic hope. John Byars states that She presents two contradictory images of society in most of her fiction one in which the power and prevalence of evil seem so deeply embedded that only destruction whitethorn root it out, and another in which the community or even an aggregate of individuals, though radically flawed, may discover within itself the potential for regeneration. (34) In all four of the mentioned stories, this presence of Christian signs-of-the-times can be seen. Set in the early fifties, A Good Man Is Hard to Find tells of the murder of a vacationing Georgia family by an escaped felon called the Misfit. ... ...Norman. Dostoevskian Vision in Flannery OConnors Revelation. The Flannery OConnor Bulletin 16 (1987) 16-22. OConnor, Flannery. The Complete Stories of Flannery OConnor. New York Farrar, 1990. Rubin, Louis D., Jr. Flannery OConnor and the Bible Belt. The Added Dimension The Art and Mind of Flannery OConnor. Ed. Melvin J. Friedman and Lewis A. Lawson. New York Fordham UP, 1966. 49-71. Scott, Nathan A., Jr. Flannery OConnors Testimony. The Added Dimension The Art and Mind of Flannery OConnor. Ed. Melvin J. Friedman and Lewis A. Lawson. New York Fordham UP, 1966. 138-56. Spivey, Ted R. Flannery OConnors View of God and Man. Flannery OConnor. Ed. Robert E. Reiter. St. Louis B. Herder, 1966. 111-18. Wood, Ralph C. Flannery OConnor, Martin Heidegger, and Modern Nihilism. The Flannery OConnor Bulletin 21 (1992) 100-18.

Religion in the Works of Flannery OConnor Essay -- Biography Biograph

Religion in the Works of Flannery OConnor Religion is a pervasive theme in most of the literary works of the late gallium writer Flannery OConnor. Four of her short stories in particular deal with the relationship between Christianity and society in the Southern Bible Belt A well behaved Man Is Hard to aim, The River, Good Country People, and Revelation. Louis D. Rubin, junior believes that the mixture of the primitive fundamentalism of her region, and the Roman Catholicism of her faith . . . makes her religious fiction both well-refined and entertaining (70-71). OConnors stories attain a grotesque and often stark vision of the clash between traditional Southern Christian values and the ever-changing social scene of the twentieth century. Three of the main religious ingredients that lend to this effect are the presence of divine meanings, revelations of God, and the struggle between the powers of Satan and God. The divine symbols in OConnors works move to be mostly apocalypti c in nature, exhibiting drastic cases of societal breakdown in a religious context, but occasionally, they show prophetic hope. John Byars states that She presents both contradictory images of society in most of her fiction one in which the power and prevalence of evil seem so deeply embedded that only when destruction may root it out, and another in which the community or even an aggregate of individuals, though radically flawed, may discover within itself the probable for regeneration. (34) In all four of the mentioned stories, this presence of Christian signs-of-the-times can be seen. Set in the early fifties, A Good Man Is Hard to Find tells of the murder of a vacationing Georgia family by an escaped felon called the Misfit. ... ...Norman. Dostoevskian Vision in Flannery OConnors Revelation. The Flannery OConnor Bulletin 16 (1987) 16-22. OConnor, Flannery. The Complete Stories of Flannery OConnor. New York Farrar, 1990. Rubin, Louis D., Jr. Flannery OConnor and the Bible Be lt. The Added Dimension The Art and Mind of Flannery OConnor. Ed. Melvin J. Friedman and Lewis A. Lawson. New York Fordham UP, 1966. 49-71. Scott, Nathan A., Jr. Flannery OConnors Testimony. The Added Dimension The Art and Mind of Flannery OConnor. Ed. Melvin J. Friedman and Lewis A. Lawson. New York Fordham UP, 1966. 138-56. Spivey, Ted R. Flannery OConnors View of God and Man. Flannery OConnor. Ed. Robert E. Reiter. St. Louis B. Herder, 1966. 111-18. Wood, Ralph C. Flannery OConnor, Martin Heidegger, and Modern Nihilism. The Flannery OConnor Bulletin 21 (1992) 100-18.

Peter Weir’s film “Witness” Essay

Peter Weirs film, Witness reveals that besides our contemporary area, there are new(prenominal) worlds with their own values that are unique. These worlds conflict with the Western world through their variation in lifestyle. The Amish are a community of people who live peacefully in the midst of a robust, crime riddled contemporary world. Weir presents a film that fits two genres, one of a crime and the other of romance. Within the origin ten minutes of the film these two worlds it captures the differences of these two worlds through the use of cinematic techniques. The Amish world is introduced at the very start of the film where the opening opthalmic fades in, to reveal a long shot showing the landscape. There is no use of artificial lighting but merely the natural sunlight of an earliest morning. This proposes an idea that the Amish community lives in a plain, simplistic, traditional, and a calm lifestyle.The establishing montage of the silent and peaceful world of the Amish becomes apparent through a wide burthen shot that pans across the screen in a panoramic view of gently swaying wheat fields from which emerges a small band of desolate fit out people walk silently following one another. Even in this very early part of the movie, the audience has a glimpse of order and conformity. Their black clothes juxtapose the brilliance of the Wheatfields clearly portraying their different world. Pennsylvania 1984 is surprising to the viewer, because they might expect a much early date. The idea of two worlds is also symbolized by the division of the scene into top half of the sky and the bottom half of the grass. The crossing of the two worlds is portrayed by the Amish moving through the frame from right to left through the grass.This is an unusual technique because usually most movement is from left to right, thus reinforcing their unusual world. Weirs purpose in presenting such an orderly scene ironically is to exemplify the dystopia of the fast urban li fe of crime and corruption. The culture clash between the Amish and the neo technological society becomes evident when Eli takes Rachel and Samuel to the station. The camera zooms into the carriage portraying the occupants to be Eli as the driver and Rachel and Samuel as the passengers. An overhead view gives way to long shots of delightful country landscape and the horse-driven carriage as it is juxtaposed with the truck. The truck a symbolic representation of the modern world and a vehicle that is known to literally thunder its way like a bully on highways has to follow the carriage which was going at its own pace. This demonstrates that the Amish world behind it is not governed by time and will go the way they want.Through the close-ups of Eli, Rachel and Samuel, the audience sees the glassed-in world of the Amish as being reclusive and imprisoned as opposed to the free world of faster vehicles. Weir illustrates this sudden imposition of the American way when at the station whi le awaiting their train. An undershot of the train is gigantic and intimidating which dwarfs the Amish world. He is mesmerized by it all, tours the train station. Accustomed to little angels in their books, Samuel is miniaturized by a gigantic figure of an angel. A high angle shot from behind the statue dwarfs Samuel symbolically set off the insignificance of their culture to the American way of life. Even among the Amish these worlds there are others who resemble different from the

Record Retrieval System Essay

Chapter 1The Problem and Its ScopeIntroductionTechnology plays an important role in retrieving long-suffering dispositions in the lives of every long-suffering, an office module and a medical checkup infirmary beca ingestion of the big boom of technology across the globe it enhanced the services of health institutions. Big, sm all(prenominal) infirmarys or even clinics use the advantage of technology that gave ease to every transaction made especially on important document stored and released for endurings. all temper is important just like birth certificates that every p atomic number 18nt result retrieve from a hospital for future use of their children, a medical mark or laboratory results regarded by doctors for medical purposes. For the past decades, medical hospitals all over the world are utilize a root word dodge in the retrieval of patients records. Patient Record Retrieval is the put to work of getting the patient records back from a repository or a place w here records are stored.Such as, an outpatient record is stored in the deck of folders, envelopes in general sorted by family names, and there are hundreds or thousands in hotshot of the corner of the office. Patients come and will retrieve records if essential anytime and does not obtain the assurance that a record will be able to retrieve in a short period of time. Medical centers in the country, it maybe prestigious or not, has also encountered the same problems as other countries encountered, scattered records are everywhere and occupied the whole space of the office, adds manpower for processing transaction and waste of office supplies and most especially retrieval services are slow.Government hospitals befuddle legion(predicate) patients most especially poor people from rural areas and retrieving patient records in the hospital is the common problem. Negros Oriental peasant infirmary is a government activity health agency intended for the poor and one of its services i s to retrieve records of patients. One problem that clients lost their patience is because of turtle-like services of the agency in retrieving records. Factors that the hospital has a slow service in retrieving patient records and it is because records are very hard to locate that consumes couple of minutes in retrieving for a specific record being requested.In addition to the problems of Negros Oriental bucolic Records Department is that the written reportsystem consumes the office space, waste of paper materials and additional personnel for locating records. Thus, with all problems encountered by Negros Oriental tyke infirmary Records Department in retrieving records, the researchers came up a solution to perplex a new information processing systemized patient records retrieval system. look back of connect Literature, Studies and organisationsReview of Related LiteraturePatients record a collection of documents that get outs an account of each episode in which a patient v isited or desire treatment and received care or a referral for care from a health care facility. The record is confidential and is usually held by the facility, and the information in it is released only to the patient or with the patients written permission. A problem-oriented medical record also behaves a master problem list. The patient record is often a collection of papers held in a folder, but it may be computerized. Retrieval of medical record has been a signifi movet mode of communication between the Provider, Payer and Legal community.For decades it has been an extremely manual driven, paper driven process and time consuming process. With the advent of technology, issue of regulatory guidelines of PHI credential and confidentiality untold(prenominal) as Privacy Rules or HIPAA, Medical Record Retrieval and Release of Information is an industry which has undergone and is going by dint of a lot of transformation. in front being done by the administrations themselves, this service is now being outsourced to specialists with the end goal to reduce retrieval time by process automation, reduce paper usage, and abide by the stringent HIPAA and Privacy rules. Retrieving medical records isnt overly difficult, but it is a process with specific requirements. For example, medical records arent always stored at a physicians office.First, the medical provider needs to be contacted and asked about where the medical records request forms should be sent. erstwhile the correct mailing carry on has been obtained, the record request forms as well as a HIPAA authorization form and a check for copy charges needs to be sent. In a perfect world, the provider would receive the request and fill it right away. However, its not unusual for a request to sit in a dope on somewhat clerks desk making follow-up calls an absolute necessity.Lehnart et al. defines a patient record anxiety system as a system that stores demographic, and medical information from ancillary ser vices such as registration, lab, radiology, pathology, pharmacy, consultation and transcription.They state that a record focussing system is not simply automated updates of paper base charts, but rather a dynamic system used to help health care workers deposit meliorateinformed dragonesses. gibe to Gaillour et al. a record management system is only effective at achieving the goals of increasing look of care and lowering be if the organization re ends its current workflow and practices. Hence a very user friendly system needs to be created to mitigate the risk of user dissatisfaction towards the new system.Fromberg et al. consume the clinical benefits to such a system includes easier, more(prenominal) rapid entre to patient selective information charts Improved clinical decision making and disease management More educated patients about their own ailments An increase in time to spend consulting with patients An change magnitude perception of patient care and theoretically a better working environment.All these benefits overall translate to better patient care. More benefits include a more efficient workflow, as duplicate tasks would not be performed as the need to re gather information would be eliminated as all data pertaining to the patient is readily for sale at all times. magazine taken to execute administration functions, such as capturing patient demographics, drop dramatically.According to Dassenko and Slowinski, an average of up to 15 minutes was saved per patient on the patients first visit and further 20 minutes on each subsequent visit as a result of implementing a computer based patient record.Fischer and Bloude (1999) states findings that the retrieval of paper records was time consuming and finding the required information amongst many documents for certain patients could be a lengthy process.Wellen et al (1998) evince the advantage of EPR because it enables information be Time is saved by EPR in not requiring the whole patient depo sit to be used to find to available quickly about specific requirements perhaps just one piece information.Coiera (2003) EPR added that information instantaneously medicates though many documents. with EPR instead of requiring a search such as allergies to particular could be obtained information strategy states that in the EPR system the patient records should be secure, faultless, and clean. They can be good accessed by authorize staff and in addition to use for individual patients can be incorporated in research. Data can also be available for the advance of quality. shrub (2002)recommended introducing and using an appropriate EPR system since it helps to reduce costs and ongoing expenses in providing multiple users access to faster. Distance is information, data protection and backups. An EPR backup system is more economical than the manual system since it saves space, time to locate and access information and maintenance costs.Abdellhak et al (1996) and Young (2000) state that physical control of a fileare not always available, EPR data can be accessed at any provides adequate security. However, sometimes as many as 30% of which is not possible with paper records.Englebardt and Nelson (2002) and Reynolds (2003) agree that an increasing number of paper records approved workstation are authorized difficult more Robert(2002) one the information for the right reason. oddly Friedman (2005) considered security for confidentiality must be ensured this is and relevant with EPR systems even if it makes authorized access access patient record especially in emergency cases. Kirshna and authorized person. Where as a paper based system is available to only one person at a time to point out that an EPR system canbe used simultaneously by more than Amatayku (2004) drew attention to access policy which needs not only a ban overlap passwords but also a reminder of the possible legal consequences.Schmitz (1979 p.74) described an early EPR system at a time when there is as moreover no such thing as a fully electronic medical record. The benefits were then seen to be timeliness, verity, completeness and handiness resulting fromhaving physicians interact directly with an electronic management information system (Schmitz 1979, p.75). He seems to have been one of the pioneers in anticipating the potential of EPR, and the benefits from professionalstimulation.Kovner (1990), who considered the use of electronic records for patient history and current treatments. The availability of computer systems from 1990 onwards further helped to prove the arguments raised by the two authors above. This availability changed medical record keeping to electronic methods, which were beneficial in many ways. methods of recording have reduced the size of records despite the fact that they contain very much more information. By using computers, doctors can easily access information from more than one source.The organization of records for ease of access is essential for efficiency and the importance of the service is recognized by supervisors in charge. Good organization and management requires strong leadership to ensure efficiency and co-operation and a constant improvement performance. In addition to the above observations,Meijden et al (2000) measured the attitudes towards electronic patient record among physicians and nurses. The researchers storied that the experienced physicians and nurses were move positive, whereas the inexperienced ones found EPR to be more time consuming for data entry and retrieval, and they were concerned about their familiarity with computers and the need for training. This take aim implies that one has to be experienced in making the optimum use of EPR systems. Furthermore, an EPR system proves to have more effect on improving quality of patient care.Bickford (1995)noted the in as a restriction potential that EPR systems have for improving patient health costs, adding satisfaction for providers, researchers a nd administrators.Dick and Steen (1991) concluded that patient records should include more information than just treatment expatiate for as proposed by earlier researchers such as Kovner (1990), example, guiding problem solving, decision analysis, reminders, and risk assessment ,an do the relevant details(Dick & Steen1991,p.37). The system could prompt staff about additional considerations not available in paper records. The system would be convenient at all times.Similarly, a report by the Institute of Medicine (IOM 1997) helped to argue further that an electronic patient record is to be as the one that is specifically intentional to support users through of complete and accurate data, practitioner reminders and alerts, clinical understood availability decision support systems, links to bodies of medical knowledge and other aids.Novak(2005) considered EPRs as time speech which can be life saving, transfers to cost other physicians history, effective whilst maintaining confiden tiality and, making easy and immediate. However A personal EPR can contain a total medical complicated.EPR systems have to a broader extent improved patients records and facilitatedthe selection of the most appropriate treatment.Amongst these advantages, Burton et al with the patients input can be created when records are retrieved much Lane & Hayward (1999) investigated the value of electronic patient records make adequate and legible records has been reduced to take only a few minutes per patient, when physicians time is tightly scheduled.However, Soper (2000) observed that more time to see a patient, together commented that the time taken to. Furthermore, the above author noted that accessibility of record sat a made possible. electronic records are more legible and can resolve the problem of misplaced documents and the opportunity to base parents the records of their children if required. ForGPs and found them to be considerable, but there were doubts about the system on a lar ger. Furthermore, (Atkinson 1997 British Medical Association 2002). The training of users on EPR scale in hospital use.Mansoor (2002) Training the users in manipulating EPR systems has proved to be easier them to familiarize themselves with other aspects of computer supports the observation in that physicians use systems motivates applications. Computers for administrative purposes as well as EPR systems, and are keen to acquire computer skills and knowledge to enhance their clinical practice. They learn how to access computer based information and to how to make the best use of such resources.Svenningsen (2003) found the advantages of EPR included no loss of records, ease of access for all medical staff, some reduction in professionals. The same was the case for Smith, (2003) who considered good medication errors, better documentation, and more co-ordination between leadership and supportive staff were essential for a planning, strong successful EPR system. Benefits include accurat e medication lists, legible notes and physician.Having experienced EPR he would never revert to paper records. Seems to summarize the full general point of view of those who have experienced prescriptions. This the change from manual to electronic systems.Amatayakul (2005) evince the value of EPRs providing reminders to alert hospital staff to particular problems which may arise, and improve decision making, in addition to reducing errors. At the same time much information is still being handwritten in many hospitals and the electronic records do not necessarily include information which would assist decision making. overly it was helpful to have systems which work similarly in different places e.g. surgeries, clinics and hospitals.The benefits of EPR as outlined by Ginneken (2002, p. 115) included Flexibility incontent and use, integration and adaptability to change. Once consensus is reached on terminology, architecture, and legislation, the EPRwill become as established as the Hippocratic Oath record has been for centuries.It seems from the literature that benefits have been obvious in all the countries that have adopted the system, and even those who originally had difficulties in making the changes now express no regrets, because they have experienced the great advantage of electronic systems.There was a account reluctance to change which needs to be overcome by a good training programme, and some people under-estimate their capabilities to cope with different systems ( Loomis & Ries 2002). As Huston (2004) noted, to such a change would require an agreed standard procedure and provision for the transition period. Faber(2003)draws attention to the fact that several authors new and implement argue that the implementation of EPR can fail if the assumed nature of the medical work being considered does not match the real aspects of that work.Related Studies and SystemAccording to the study of abdullah, f. Epr system in hamad medical corporation Qatar that it greatly resolved the dissatisfaction with the existing manual patientRecord system expressed both doctors and nurses referred to many defects of the cave in manual system which caused irritation and potential exposure to reducingPatient safety. Such obstacles can affect the improvement of patient care and delay eventful treatment. From the findings the major problem of the traditional paperBased record system appears to be misfiling of records causing difficulties in obtaining Information quickly in emergencies. Thus the impertinently EPR system benefited the Hamad medical in terms of the accuracy,legibility, confidentiality and time savingin the patient records.Another study from Droma, Fahad et al. in automation of the patient record management sytem in St Francis Hospital Nsambya that Patient record management systems in hospital today necessitate a competent administration when handling patients, generating reports from cashier, patient details which serves as a key factor f or the flow of business transactions in St Francis Hospital Nsambya. Unfortunately the current Record management system leads to misplacement of drug details, payment details, and late release of reports and insecurity to records.This research project is aimed at computerizing all the records about patients, staff and drug suppliers. In order to fall upon this goal, a thorough System Study and investigation was carried out and data was collected and analyzed about the current system using document and data flow diagrams. The concept of report production has been computerized hence, no more delay in report generation to the hospital manager. Errors made on hand held calculators are dealt out completely The method used to develop the system include iterative waterfall model approach, dataflow, logical and entity relationship diagram were used to design the system and finally the language used were MySql, php, HTML, CSS and JavaScript.Atkinson (1997), whilst seeing the benefits of EPR systems, also that they could change clinical practice, and that there could be problems of controlling access to them. His research also reported anxieties that were expressed regarding the possibility of computer failure. The argument shows that the electronic record system has a back up scheme for computer failure patient which automatically prevents information from being lost. In addition, even if the benefits of EPR are recognized,found that the time taken to learn procedures was an obstacle to their use. A software engineering consultant, Sam Simple was hired to design a Computerized Patient Record system for a hospital.Each patients record in the database consists of a patients name, address, age, predict number, next of kin, name of parents, phone number, birth date and place, social security number, occupation, marital status, religion, military service, treatment history, family background, lifestyle information such as drug history and sexualpreferences, diagnostic a nd testing information, and insurance information. At the initial meeting held to discuss the project requirements, a hospital representative indicated to Simple that the hospital had conducted research on mouth-to-mouth resuscitation systems prior to hiring him.Based on the report produced from the hospitals research, it considered that user authentication to verify users ID and password at login was adapted for their system, as far as the system security was concerned. However, Simple learned from a study that 85 percent of the passwords on a typical computer system were guessable. According to Dr. Marie Sy, CHITS, an electronic medical record (EMR) specifically designed for the community health centers in the Philippines, was developed through a collaborative and participative process involving health workers and the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) community, using the main(a) health care approach and guided by the open source philosophy. The development of CHIT S that the paper record retrieval time was decreased from 2.41 minutes to less than 5 seconds, has resulted in increased efficiency of health workers, allowing them to spend more time for patient care, improved data quality streamlined records management and data-guided decision-making, both operationally and strategically, Dr. Sy added. The development of EPR in most countries has been rapid in recent years with some differences to meet local requirements.Beaumont (1999) noted the advantage of electronic records in the UK, including simultaneous access from multiple locations, legibility, ease of exchange of data, and confidentiality. He compares the advantages with those of paper records which are easily transported easy to read require no training and are never out of order. According to Beaumonts personal experience, electronic records are an improvement on medical hand write which is often illegible. In addition, he noted a need for training in the details of categories which t he manual records should contain, just as computers may be down, so misfiled patient records can be equally frustrating. Frolick, (n. d. ) noted that electronic patient records in regular army are of great benefit to patients, because they are not subject to loss, illegibility or inaccuracy, and assist in guiding patients daily treatment.In addition, the records would be readily available for research and accessible directly on the users screen. Furthermore, Madison(1997) reported Dr. Paul Kings opinion that the ability to create, and retrievecharts quickly was of importance and time saving. The choice of the best EPR in USA for a particular department as important and there should be a wide range of availability of a system for selection. By the immediate accessibility of the right technical information lives could be saved, and this is the most important consideration of all. In addition to aspects such as time saving and quality of care, Kowalsky (2002)observed that, to make the system comprehensive and cost effective was a large task and integrating existing systems was difficult. Much as the EPR systems are suggested to provide the best solutions to improve patient record keeping, several authors have observed a number of challenges to them. For example, Fields & Duncker (2003) mentioned that although EPR systems are planned to be universal in UK by 2008, there were doubts about this.The complexity of the task and the need to complete it rapidly caused concern after previous NHS computerisation problems. There was anxiety and the need to prevail on _or_ upon staff of the benefits of the system. Bishop (2003) referred to availability, as being able to use the information or the source desired i. e., hardware, software or networks. The same issues were discussed by Singh et al. (2004) who noted that primary care in USA is complex and includes safety problems, with no two providers being alike. EPR imposed on any health system can have unpredictable effect s, reducing or increasing safety. To some extent EPR could distract a GP from properly recording observations, but, if used correctly, would greatly assist in providing immediate and accurate information. In practice it is essential that all staff are familiar with EPR systems, if these are to be used effectively, and all aware of hazards and how to nullify them. Similarly, Pizziferri et al (2005) considered one factor which inhibits the use of EPR in USA was the concern that it may take more time than paper records. A study of 20 physicians use of time at primary health centres was recorded, before and after the introduction of EPR, and a decrease in time was noted.This was also the case with dictating notes, reading, and writing however searching for data was much faster than before. The researchers concluded that EPR took less time than manual records but that there was a need to identify EPR users who had fuss with the system. Mikkelsen & Aasly (2005) of the neurology departmen t at St Olaves Hospital, Norway analysed electronic patient records and how the system affected performance, e. g. the ability to access information.Records for a neurological department were of variable accuracy because of lack of precise definitions, and were a potential threat to the safety of the system. Strict procedures are required to ensure accuracy and sufficient relevant information. The SteiermrkischeKrankenanstaltenGes.m.b.H. (KAGes), the governing consistency of the Styrian hospitals. Out of a new MIS, termed OpenMedocs, has been conducted. This system shall simplify the management, the access to and the exchange of health-related patient information. It is a centrally managed system at the headquarter of KAGes in Graz. The core of OpenMedocs is an electronic patient record (EPR) system. All documents concerning patients are stored in this system.Thus, it is possible to receive documents from a patient which have been generated in different hospitals at the push of a b utton. Since almost all medical information of the hospitals concerning patients is managed in the ERP system, it is possible to avoid various disadvantages of traditional documentation, like multiple medical attending or local constraints of usage of retrieval possibilities, and user-oriented presentation of data should help, among other things, to speed up and to improve the quality of the medical decision-making process of physicians. Since the roll-out of OpenMedocs, the amount of these patient-related documents increased continuously. Thus, the efcient storage and the timely retrieval of documents in the EPR system have gained considerable importance. The ProblemStatement of the ProblemThis present study tries to analyze, design, develop, test and implement a Record Retrieval System for Negros Oriental Provincial Hospital.This study attempts to answer the following questions.1. What is the current retrieval system used by Negros Oriental Provincial Hospital Records Department in retrieving records? 2. What are the problems encountered by retrieval section employees in the retrieval of patients records in NOPH Records Department?3. What are the requirements needed for the development of the Computerized Retrieval System for Negros Oriental Records Department Retrieval Section?4. How secure and manageable is the Computerized Retrieval System for NOPH Records Section?5. How beneficial is the Computerized Retrieval System forNegros Oriental Provincial Hospital Records Department Retrieval Section.HypothesisH0 There is an existing problem with the current retrieval system of Negros Oriental Provincial Hospital Records Department.H1 Negros Oriental Hospital Records Department is in need of a new system that will help them improve their service.Technical BackgroundDesign fancyInputData CapturedProcessWorking with recordsOutputShowing results by print outsStorageof the patient recordsFigure 1It shows the input, process and output of the patient record retrieval system that in input in order to retrieved such records they need a personal information and the records they want to be retrieved in a system. In Process it is where the records has been process in order they could release the record and in output it is where the records have been already retrieved and ready to release to the authorized person.Design MethodFigure 2Agile Approach The methodology that use in developing the system is diligent the researcher useagile since it promotes adaptive planning, evolutionary development and delivery time boxed iterative approach and encourages rapid and flexible response to change. A conceptual framework promotes foreseen interactions passim the development cycle. There are five levels in this methodology the requirements, design, implementation, test and deployment. In requirements phase in which the requirements for the software are gathered and analyzed.This is equivalent to researching and cogitate what the product requires. Examples c an include general features, architecture discussions, workflow discussions and general product discovery. Design phase this is which will have all the requirements defined for the product. executing phase during the development, needed to test the code as well as get feedback from the customer on progress. Feedback from the customer can include mockups, front-end designs, and usability.Testing phase bugs and defects are always a constant in the software development process. It is important that there are good quality assurance standards to eliminate general issues. Deployment the software application is finally deployed and live. Once this occurs, a support plan needs to be in place for maintenance and general support on potential future issues.Significance of the StudyNegros Oriental Provincial Hospital Record Department.The study will serve as a new legal document for the technological advancement that greatly benefits for Negros Oriental Provincial Hospital. This computerized s ystem is intended to lessen the manpower which will lead to a faster and more accurate record retrieval process which will lead to profitability of the Negros Oriental Provincial Hospital. Employees. The job of the employees will become more accurate and efficient through the use of the proposed system.This leads to less error which saves time and energy on the side of the workers. Employees can also focus on other tasks assigned that will make them more productive. Patients. The service of Negros Oriental Provincial Hospital to the patient will become more convenient. Less time will be consumed during the retrieval process. This will also lessen time for patients to wait for their records to be release. The study is also expected to increase the satisfaction of the patients to the services of the Negros Oriental Provincial Hospital. Researchers This study is a great achievement for the researchers because itwill improve their skills in technical writing.The experiences while doing the research build up their characters and teach them values like creativity, working hard, group building and responsibility and time management. It also builds friendship and camaraderie among the co-researchers. It also gives them an overview of the IT industry and trains them to prepare to the competitive professional field.QuestionnaireDirections Please put a checkmark on the selected choice.Name (Optional)____________________________________Age______Gender____________Department______________________I. The current system that NOPH are using in retrieving records 1. What is the present system used by Negros Oriental Provincial Hospital Records Department Retrieval Section? __ Manual Retrieval__ ComputerizedRetrievalIf manual, what are the tools or things used in retrieving records or how a single record is retrieved accord to its arrangement?_By folders_By logbooks_By envelopes_By family names_By cabinets_By disease/injuryOthers (Specify)______________________If computerized, what are the applications used?_ Microsoft Excel_Microsoft Word_Microsoft Access_Others(Specify)_____________________________II. The problems encountered by employees in retrieving records 2. What are the problems encountered by Negros Oriental Provincial HospitalRecords Department in retrieving records? _Unarranged Documents_Difficulty in finding records_Lost Documents_ Mountainous Stocked Files_Crowded areaOthers(Specify)______________________________III. Particular documents that Negros Oriental Hospital retrieve. 3. What are the common documents that hospital clients retrieved mostly? _Birth certificates_Death certificates_Laboratory resultsOthers(Specify)___________________________________ReferencesRelated Literaturehttp//medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/patient+recordhttp//www.wipro.com/industries/health care-segments/medical-records-retrieval.aspxhttp//www.sunbeltreporting.com/sunbelt-blog/bid/45059/Benefits-of-Outsourcing Medical-Records-Retrieval) Fischer, J. S. & B londe, L., 1999. Impact of an electronic medical record on diabetes practice workflow. Clinical Diabetes, 17(2), 10-12.Wellen, D. et al., 1998. The electronic medical oncology record misconceptions, barriers, and benefits. Cancer solicitude, 3 (5), 6-8.Coiera, E., 2003. Guide to health informatics. 2d ed. London Arnold.Bush, J., 2002. Looking for a good electronic medical records system? Family Practice Management, 9(1), 50-51.Lenhart, J. G., Honess, K., Covington, D., and Johnson, K. E. An abstract ofTrends, Perceptions, and Use Patterns of Electronic Medical Records Among Family Practice Residency Programs. Family Medicine, February 2000, 32 109 114.Gaillour, F. Rethinking the CPR Is Perfect the Enemy of the Good? Healthcare Management Technologyserial online, May 1999, 20 2225.32Fromberg, R., and Amatayakul, M. CPRI and the Future of Computerbased Patient Records. Healthcare fiscal Management, July 1995, 49 48Dassenko, D., and Slowinski, T. exploitation the CPR to Benefit a Bu siness Office. Healthcare Financial Management, July 1995, 49 6870, 7273Abdelhak, M., et al., 2001. Health information management of a strategic resource. 2nd ed. Philadelphia W. B. Saunders.Englebardt, S. P. & Nelson, R., 2002. Health care informatics an interdisciplinary approach. USA Mosby.Friedman, B. 2005. Health Records get personal a technology outlook for consumer access to personal health information. daybook of American Health Information Management Association, 76(1), 42-45.Amatayakul, M., 2004. Electronic health records a practical guide for professionals and organizations. USA AHIMA.Schmitz, H. H., 1979. Hospital information systems. London Aspen Systems Corporation.Kovner, A. R., 1990. Health care delivery in the United States. New York customs duty Publishing Company.Meijdan, M. J. V. et al., 2000. The user in the design process of an EPR. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. 77,224-228.Bickford, C. J., 1995. The concept model of the electronic health recor d development of the CPR and CPRs concept models. Toward an electronic patient ecord? 95 Proceedings. 0 ed. IL, USA Kelvyn Press.Dick, R. S. & Steen, E. B., 1991. The computer-based patient record, an essential technology for health care. Washington D. C. National Academy Press.Novak, K., 2005. Reducing costs through electronic health records and services. Benefits and Compensation Digest, 42(10), 40.Burton, L. C. et al., 2004. Using electronic health records to help coordinate care. The Milbank Quarterly, 82(3), 457-581.Lane, V. & Hayward, P., 1999. Medical records. The Lancet, 353 (9149), 330.Soper, W., 2002. Why I love my EPR. Family Practice Management Journal, 9(9),1-7.Mansoor, E., 2002. Computer skills among medical learners. Journal of Ayub Medical College (JAMC), 14(3), 13-15.Svenningsen, S., 2003. Electronic patient records and medical practice, reorganization of roles, responsibilities, and risks. PhD thesis, Department of Organization and Industrial Sociology, CBS- Copenh agen Business School. Ginneken, A. M. V., 2002. The computerized patient record reconciliation effort and benefit. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 65(2), 97-119.Amatayakul, M., 2005. Are you using an EHR-really? Healthcare Financial Management, 59(11), 126-128.Loomis, G. A. et al., 2002. If electronic medical records are so great, why arent family physicians using them? Journal of Family Practice, 51(7), 636-641.Huston, J. L., 2004. The need for mandatory clinical recording standards. Clinical Medicine, 4(3), 255-257.Faber, M. G, 2003. Design and introduction of an electronic patient record how to involve users? Methods of Information in Medicine, 42(4), 371-375.Related StudiesAbdullah, Foziyah., August 2007.Electronic Patient Records System in Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar Perspectives and Potential Use.Droma, Fahad. et al.,An automated system for patient record management a case study of St. Francis Hospital Nsambya. http//dspace3.mak.ac.ug/xmlui/handle/10570/443 Atkinson, C., 1997. A case study on development an electronic patient record in the UK. Requirements Engineering, 2(1), 1-14. Kibbe, David, MD, MBA, and Bard, Mark R., MHA, MBA. (1997). How Safe Are Computerized Patient Records?. Journal of Family Practice Management, May 1997 Vol. 4 No. 5 . Retrieved April 2, 2002 from American Academy of Family PhysiciansWebsite http//cpmcnet.columbia.edu/dept/dental/Dental_Informatics/AOFC_Course/DI_Clinical/CPR.html http//www.pchrd.dost.gov.ph/index.php/2012-05-23-07-46-36/2012-05-24-00-01-11/5111-electronic-medical-record-system-chits-can-retrieve-patient-record-in-five-seconds-expert Beaumont, R., 1999. The electronic patient/healthcare record (EPRIEHR). 8 h ed., accessed 5.4.2004.Frolick, M. N., n. d. . Using electronic medical records to improve patient care, , accessed2 6.03.2004.Madison, D., 1997. Breaking away from paper. Healthcare Informatics, 14(10), 4-6.Kowalsky, C. A., 2002. The computerized patient record. Journal of Medical Educat ion, 3(3), 1-6.Fields, B. & Duncker, E., 2003. The impact of electronic health records on crossprofessional healthcare work,

Religious Initiates Essay

Arnold sponsor uses Connies insecurities to grass her come to him. First of all Arnold uses the word Dontcha when asking Connie questions. If Connie answers no she seems stupid. Tt forces her to constantly agree with what Arnold is saying or asking. Connie is a normal teenage girl and is concerned about her looks. When Arnold first pulls up Connie is described as Her tinder began to pound and her fingers snatched at her hair, checking it, and she whispered, Christ. Christ, wondering how bad she looked. Soon after Arnold tells her Youre cute (3), and even later I dont corresponding them fat.I like them the way you are, honey (8). He is trying to boost her ego. He looks and dresses like boys she is attracted too. Connie liked the way he was dressed, which was the way all of them dressed mean(a) faded jeans stuffed into black, scuffed boots, a belt that pulled his waist in and showed how lean he was, and a white pull-over shirt that was a little soiled and showed the hard miserabl e muscles of his arms and shoulders. He looked as if he probably did hard work, lifting and carrying things. Even his neck looked muscular (5). Arnold has all the characteristics and qualities that her parents want for her to resist.When Connie questions who Arnold is, he claims they know each new(prenominal) and have the same friends by listing their names Listen Betty Schultz and Tony Fitch and Jimmy Pettinger and Nancy Pettinger, he said in a chant. Raymond Stanley and Bob Hutter (5). He speaks as if he is singing, He spoke in a simple lilting voice, exactly as if he were reciting the words to a song (5) much like dangerous sirens of Greek mythology. Arnold also makes sure to have music playing that Connie likes, Bobby King and comments I listen to him all the time. I think hes great (4).He uses slang that was popular with Connies school friends last division on his car MAN THE FLYING SAUCERS. It was an expression kids had used the year before but didnt use this year. She looke d at it for a while as if the words meant something to her that she did not yet know (6). All these things are meant to make Connie feel comfortable and at ease with Arnold. If she is comfortable she will trust him, go for a ride with him, and he can do whatever he wants with her. Arnold Friend tries hard to lure Connie away. He romances her like a young lover complimenting how she looks, sharing her taste in music and friends.But she still refuses and he play his last card. He states Im the boy for you, and like I said, you come out here nice like a lady and give me your hand, and nobody else gets hurt, I mean, your nice old bald-headed daddy and your mummy and your sister in her high heels. Because listen why bring them in this? (10). It is at this point that she realizes she has no choice but to go with him. For all the annoyance, resentment, and bitterness she displays toward her family, in the end, she is willing to give up herself for them. She must go with Arnold to uphold her family and maybe herself.It is through She chooses to go with Arnold because she sees that as her only alternative. Connie is initiated into evil, and in the ending of the story they discover Connies capitulation to the shallow values of a profligate culture (Wesley 255). Oddly enough if she, at 15, had been as terra firmaly as she would have liked she would have been strong enough and smart enough to resist. Arnold Friend is the embodiment of evil intent. He shows himself to Connie in a way that she would feel comfortable with as a young smooth talking boy who wants to speak to her. He represents the internal and external conflict that Connie has inside.She resists his various temptations but surrenders herself in hopes of saving her family from harm. At the end of the story the reader does not know what truly happens to Connie. The open ended conclusion lets the reader reflect on their own conflicts, their own insecurities and weaknesses. And we, the audience have to wo nder, if the evil in the world is going to get us too.Works CitedDessommes, Nancy Bishop. OConnors Mrs. May and Oatess Connie An Unlikely Pair of Religious Initiates. Studies in Short Fiction 31. 3 (1994) 433+. Questia. 22 Apr. 2006 .Oates, Joyce Carol. Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been. University of San Francisco. Celestial Timepiece A Joyce Carol Oates Home Page. 25 November 2005. Wesley, Marilyn C. Reverence, Rape, Resistance Joyce Carol Oates and Feminist Film Theory. Mosaic (Winnipeg) 32. 3 (1999) 75. Questia. 22 Apr. 2006 . Wesley, Marilyn C. The Transgressive Other of Joyce Carol Oatess Recent Fiction. Critique 33. 4 (1992) 255-262. Questia. 22 Apr. 2006 .

Hispanic Americans in the United States Essay

Abstract Over the past several decades, the linked States has be go a oftentimes more diverse country. Immigration from most if not all countries throughout the world be the reason for this. A large portion of the immigrants that make up our country are Latinos. Hispanics arent just made up of unmatch adequate group of people, neertheless rather several groups from different countries of the world including Cuba, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Dominican Republic, rally America, and South America.They differ in many ways from one another including but not limited to their method of entry into the joined States, the color of their skin, traditions, culture, semipolitical background, harmonyal trends, and lifestyle. In many ways, Hispanics are disadvantaged from non-Hispanic lights. This has been the way since they first came to the United States. If it wasnt for the color of their skin and for about of them, their dialect or language, they whitethorn not be subject to the prejudice and discrimination they encounter on a daily basis. HISPANIC AMERICANS IN THE UNITED STATES 3 Hispanic Americans in the United States A large portion of the population in the United States is made up of immigrants.Many of those immigrants are of Hispanic origin. Hispanic Americans make up several groups of people. Each of the different groups see a set of their own traditions and their cultures vary slightly and sometimes very significantly. Americans tend to group all Hispanics into one group and forget that not all of them came from one country, but rather several countries. Entering the United States Mexican Americans Throughout most of our history, Mexicans nourish entered the United States voluntarily. The American Southwest was previously part of Mexico until they lost it to the United States after the Mexican War (Marger, 2012).The Mexicans that inhabited those areas were then incorporated into the United States (Marger, 2012). Puerto Rican Americans Puerto Ricans didnt s ource to the United States by force, nor voluntarily. The United States gained Puerto Rico as part of its territory after the Spanish-American War and those on the island were automatically given American citizenship (Marger, 2012). Puerto Ricans were then able to come and go freely as they chose, just as American citizens are able to go from state to state. Cuban Americans Cubans bind recently come to the United States voluntarily similar to the Puerto Ricans and Mexicans.Their motive for migrating to the United States though was for political reasons rather than economic reasons like the Mexicans and Puerto Ricans (Marger, 2012). When the HISPANIC AMERICANS IN THE UNITED STATES 4 Cubans came to the United States, they tended to be more educated and more prepared to begin an occupation than most other foreign immigrants (Marger, 2012). primordial Americans Many of the Central American immigrants form come to the United States as political refugees (Marger, 2012). Most receive c ome voluntarily like many of the Hispanic migrants have.Another large reason for Central Americans migrating to the United States was for economic opportunities (Marger, 2012). Hispanics and Music About Latin Music Latin music first developed in different Latin American countries, principally Cuba and it is originally derived from African religious ceremonies (Revels-Bay). Latin music is a unique kind of music and it has a unique rhythmic structure when compared to American music (Revels-Bay). American music can be considered by most people to be Rock and Roll. Latin music is typically viewed as dance music. It has a lot of rhythm which is highly syncopated (Revels-Bay).Latin music, like American music includes many instruments. American music tends to be more on the wipe out than Latin music. Latin music also uses more percussion instruments than American music and it includes several different string instruments. Some of the string instruments include timbales, congas, congo, gu itar and the Cuban guitar (Revels-Bay). Over the years, the bass, trumpets, trombones and woodwinds were added to play melodies and repetitions of sound and the piano replaced the guitar (Revels-Bay).Latin Music Gaining Popularity The motivations underlying the boom of Latino music have brought possibilities for economic gain and increase the visibleness of Latin Americans within the United States (Cepeda). HISPANIC AMERICANS IN THE UNITED STATES 5 Two Latin Americans who have brought Latin music to America are Emilio and Gloria Estefan.They have hits in the United States and also have semilunar Moon Studios. Crescent Moon Studios are a Mimi-based Sony affiliate that grosses 200 million dollars yearly (Cepeda). Their Crescent Moon Studios are also a reason for the popular building of the Latino music in the media industry in the United States. Gloria and Emilio Estefan are 2 very successful Hispanic Americans.There are several famous musical artists but because of their race, it is harder for them to be accepted into the musical industry. The number of Hispanic Americans who have been successful making music is relatively small when compared to the number of non-Hispanic musical artists. There have been several popular Latin musical artists who have brought refreshful meaning to Latin music in the United States. Some examples are Ricky Martin, Jennifer Lopez and Shakira. They keep a lot of the Latin culture in the Latin-American music, but they Americanize it in a sense and the language used is English.This has helped to integrate one part of the Hispanic cultures into todays American society. Hispanic American Families Family Structure Traditionally in the Hispanic culture, the father or the oldest male in the family holds the greatest amount of government agency over the family and women typically describe submission (Centers for Disease declare and Prevention). The responsibilities tend to be shared among the members of the family. When compared to the non-Hispanic whites, many of the households are similar. Although, throughout the years, the father or oldest male is no longer always the authority holder in the home.Instead, the mother and father hold equal amounts of authority. HISPANIC AMERICANS IN THE UNITED STATES 6 The household size of Hispanic American families is large than other American families. The average size of a Hispanic household is 3. 47 people and for the rest of the population, the average is 2. 62 people (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Family Values Family is an important part in most Hispanic Americans lives. Family is a large reason for immigration for many of them. They may have family ties here who they wish to move closer to or they may be moving here to provide a better life for their family.The extended family of Hispanic Americans plays a major role in each family members life (Moitinho). They tend to have strong bonds and a lot of interaction among much of the family and extended f amily. In many households, produces, grandparents and children live in the same home or live nearby (Moitinho). Among most Hispanic families, faith and church are a lot times central to their family and community life. Most Hispanic homes have a religious object and most attend a religious service once a month or more (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Single Parent versus Two Parent Families.In the United States, 70% of Hispanic children live in two parent homes (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Single parent families among Mexican Americans have grown from 14% in 1980 to 22% in 2001 (Zeiders, Roosa, & Yuntein, 2011). Children who live in a wizard parent home tend to be at greater risk than children in two parent homes for academic and conduct problems, substance abuse and depression (Zeiders, Roosa & Yuntein, 2011). This may be due to the fact that there is a lack of financial resources for some of the single parent families versus the two parent families who may have a double income.Although there are some studies HISPANIC AMERICANS IN THE UNITED STATES 7 that show Latino children in single parent homes are more likely to have negative outcomes, there are also some studies that show they are not (Zeiders, Roosa & Yuntein, 2011). Marriage Patterns In the United States, Mexican American females are most likely to be married and non-hispanic blacks are the least likely (Landale, Oropesa, & Bradatan, 2006). Among some of the Hispanic races in the United States, 4% of Cuban females and 38% of Puerto Rican females aged 20-24 are married (Landale, Oropesa, & Bradatan, 2006).Fitting In Over recent decades, Hispanic Americans have adapted to more of the Americanized way of living. Many of them dress alike, eat American food, go to college, etc. They have assimilated somewhat, but are far from being in full assimilated. They may never actually be fully assimilated into American society. One main reason is their race. It has typically been sh own throughout history that races made up of white people are able to assimilate much easier than those with different skin colors.Conclusion Hispanics have come from several different countries and even look unlike from each other but are still each identified as Hispanics. Throughout the years, Hispanics have adapted to the American way of living and inhabit to do so. The only thing separating many Hispanics from non-ethnic whites is the color of their skin. As a whole, Hispanics have assimilated in many ways but they will probably never be fully assimilated. Instead, they may be working towards full acculturation.HISPANIC AMERICANS IN THE UNITED STATES 8 References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n. d. ). Retrieved November 14, 2013, from http//www. cdc. gov/ /Audience/AudienceInsight_CulturalInsights.pdf Cepeda, M. E. Mucholoco for ricky martin or the government activity of chronology, crossover, and language within the latino music boom. Popular music and societ y, 55-67. Retrieved November 7, 2013, from Ebscohost. Landale, N. S. , Oropesa, R. S. , & Bradatan, C. (2006). Hispanic families in the United States Family structure and process in an era of family change. In Hispanics and the future of America. Retrieved November 14, 2013 from http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/books/NBK19902/ Marger, M. N. (2012). Race and ethnic relations American and global perspectives (9th ed. ).Belmont, CA Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. Moitinho, E. (n. d. ). Hispanic culture 101. In American association of christian counselors. Retrieved November 18, 2013, from http//www. aacc. net/2012/09/21/hispanic-culture-101-increase-your-hispaniclatinocultura l-iq/ Revels-Bey, N. (n. d. ). History of Latin music. In Revels-Bay Music. Retrieved November 18, 2013, from http//www. revels-bey. com/history_of_latin_music. htm Zeiders, K. H. , Roosa, M. W. , & Yuntein, J. (2011). Family structure and family processes in mexican-american families. Family process, 70-91. Retrieved November 7, 2013, from Ebscohost.

Private Life on Social Networking Sites Essay

Social networking sites can be defined as an online platform where people create their own profiles, sh ar them with the public, and elapse with other users on the Internet. The increasing generality of these sites affects our lives in many aspects and the most important one is the privacy issue. It can easily be observed that hearty networking sites argon a real threat for the users personal privacy.First of all, there are some threats arising from security vulnerability on sociable networking sites. Generally, users take in a lot of personal study to become a member of these sites and it is easy to access this cultivation for hackers and identity thieves. For example identity thieves who could gain actually private information such as birth name and date, addresses, phone numbers and relationship status on social networking sites can verify themselves as being the profile owner. Therefore, they can access the users credit card number and steal their bills easily. Moreover, identity thieves cause non only loss of money but overly loss of personal respect and good name.They can use the information to communicate with users other friends in line of battle to obtain their information too. Rebecca Sweeny (2011) summarizes that users lack of awareness of sharing information helps hackers and identity thieves to steal their money and damage good names. (as cited in Acquisti& Gross, 2006) The second threat arising from security vulnerabilities is marketing companies handiness to users information without permission. For instance, spamming the users with unsolicited advertising contents can be annoying in most cases. Furthermore, the companies sometimes obtain personal information and spread them with other companies and individuals in order to make advertisements more effective.Secondly, people share very private information on social networking sites, as Nico Reiher(2009) mentions, If the receiver of the information is not trustworthy, the user does no t have a chance to track or remove this information back into trustworthy hands. causes some serious troubles. Firstly, people be given to announce where they are at that moment and what they are doing, therefore, they share real-time location based information on social networking sites. To illustrate, people who share their locations and especially notify others that they are not at home on social networking sites such as Foursquare, provide an opportunity to thieves to rob their houses. In addition, Facebook which is the most popular and preferred social networking sites, also enables people to share that much private information with the check-in application.Secondly, sharing awkward and embarrassing information or political views on social networking sites lead to trouble in peoples social and professional lives. For example, some companies prefer to look to social networking sites in order to get information about prospective employees. According to SNAPR project team, Even f uture employers,, may be able to view your posted information and portray specific conclusion about you as an individual, which could have the negative effects. Moreover, disgraceful posts on users profile which can be seen also by instructors or bosses allow for cause loss of reputation in educational or business lives.Those who are not in favor of this opinion seem to believe that social networking sites are safe and information is inaccessible for the public. They think that there are some restrictive privacy settings which allow users to specify who can see their information and profiles. Moreover, there are firewalls which help to prevent users information from hackers and identity thieves. Although it may be true to a certain extent, this claim is not strong enough, because these settings are not default without users knowledge. Generally, users are not fully informed about privacy issues and share all information without any restriction.In addition, they are unmindful(pre dicate) of how much information they share to the public. There is not any explanation about the amount of the disseminative information. To sum up, the users unawareness of the privacy settings on social networking sites and their insensibility on this issue cause a lot of troubles. In addition, digital informations easy accessibility and fast spreading also pose a danger for users privacy. In order to prevent people from these threats, improving the privacy settings and informing them completely should be the major precautions.References Reiher, N.(2009). Privacy on social networking sites and its impact on computer-mediated communication. Retrieved April 9,2012, fromhttp//www.grin.com/en/e-book/154916/privacy- on-social-network-sites-and-its-impact-on-computer-mediated-communication SNAPR Methodology project team. Dear social networking user Are you at risk? Retrieved April 9,2012, from socialrisk.weebly.com/index.htmlSweeny,R.(2011). Social networking sites More abuse than good ? Retrieved April 9,2012, from http//networkconference.netstudies.org/2011/04/social-networking-sites-more-harm-than- good/

Global Politics Essay

pagan patriotism is formed by a group with members that may or may not exist within the boundaries of a single state, and yet can be categorized as a group of individuals that share a common ethnic national identity. The nations that practice nationalism share a common heritage, including a common faith, a common language, common ethnic production line and a common culture. The first stage in the formation of ethnic nationalism is a form of cultural and moral relativism.It is inspired by a virtuoso of inferiority and resentment against societies (or social groups) perceived to be morally and culturally superior. The architects of much(prenominal)(prenominal) nationalisms begin by insisting on the plurality and equivalence of (national) cultures, with the fact of plurality being taken as a sign of value. Appeal of ethnic nationalism By the end of the nineteenth century, ethnic nationalism was already the most common type of nationalism in the human beings. The real meaning of na tionalism has been confused by many people.Peoples inability to distinguish between different types of nationalism and to perceive the close similarity between the ideologies of ethnic identity and ethnic nationalism, shows how natural it has become for us to call back in terms of ethnic nationalism, how unproblematic, how legitimate its vision appears to us. Ethnic nationality is appealing to us because as compared to civic nationalism, it provides superior psychological gratification. It limits individuals freedom, maculation at the same time relieves them of responsibility and offers a sense of tangible order.It offers the universal need, to live in a free society, where sensation may film ones identity. It is natural, what with the anomie and the disconcerting indeterminacy of ones reality, to yearn for the comfort for the regulated world where one is never allowed more than what one can accomplish. It allows for one to be respected and the maintenance of his dignity is ass ured by his membership in the dignified fellowship irrespective of his accomplishments. The experience of modernity, in other words, created as it is by nationalism, favors ethnic nationalism. (Goldmann etal 34-35)Ethnic nationality has in like manner been promoted by the recent wave of democratization which has spread throughout the world alienation from more and more impersonal, bureaucratic and centralized states and the declining importance of class-based political parties and movements. Uneven economic development has often frustrated the desires of regionally based ethnic groups for educational and occupational mobility and an modify standard of living. In this light, ethnic nationalism can be seen as an attempt to maintain or to create a sense of identity and community in the face of the threat of cultural assimilation or cultural destruction.Ethnic nationalism is used by governments, including its use for elite manipulation, its involvement in situations of threat and de fense, its relationship to relative economic deprivation and the interstate rivalries that feed on ethnic secession and irredentism for their own needs. Limits of ethnic nationalism On the other hand, ethnic nationalism is associated with several limitations. In the modern world, the rise of ethnic nationalism has often resulted in disruptive changes such as the looseness experienced by several multiethnic states.As a result, it is incompatible with the idea of the state nationalism that seeks the convergence of territorial and political loyalty, irrespective of competing locus of affiliation, such as kinship, profession, religion, economic interest, race or even language. This may occur, for example, where the government forces the members of certain ethnic groups to agree to ethnic nationalism. For example, the officials of Pakistani present the soil as one united nation with a common history, common culture and common religion.But various ethnic groups refuse to accept those l ies and, despite a common religion, challenge them with the myths of their own distinct history, culture and language. Due to such reasons many people have sympathized with ethnic nationalism and said that it at least faces up to the negativity of the existing world. (Khan 25) Zhao Suisheng says that repression is not the only measure the state has deployed to retain ethnic minority areas. The role of the state, even the totalitarian state, has its limits.Ethnic nationalism has a resilience of its own it cannot be easily dislodged from the minds of minority peoples by repression. The state may rewrite history as a nitty-gritty to colonize ethnic minorities and to control them through coercive policies. It can not however eliminate the historical memory of ethnic minorities. The inclusion of identity as a factor in ethnic nationalist should be considered. Many nations that support ethnic nationalism encourage its citizens to follow only one culture, prima(p) to the loss of identit y to many people in the country.Maintenance of peoples identity should be considered as it plays a key role in motivating ethnic nationalistic communities, and in explaining the shared goals among the members. While identity is important in explaining the shared goals within an ethnic nationalist community, other factors such as homeland relationships should also not be overlooked. (Zhao Suisheng 79) Question two Multilateralism Multilateralism is a term used in international relations to refer to many countries urinateing jointly on certain issues.There are several principles and features of multilateralism, which it follows for the sake of its effective operation, such as defending human rights, promoting free sight and globalization, conserving the environment and encouraging freedom of movement to mention but a few. Although all the aforementioned principles are set for the good of multilateralism, they may either go against or strengthen it as an approach to aiming solution s to global problems. Principles and features of the international system affecting multilateralism Human rightsMultilateralism encourages the leaders of its member countries to consider the humanitarian needs and the human rights of the citizens first, before their personal interests. It also encourages them to maintain good relations with other countries. This is especially the case when it comes to political instability. Due to multilateralism, international organizations have offered tending to the member countries, for example, in cases of political instability. On the other hand, politically stable countries have helped the politically unstable ones to regain peaceful relations.This shows the role of multilateralism as a good approach to resolving problems affecting several countries. For example, the joined Nations played a big role in the recent fight between Israel and Gaza. A report by the United Nations accused the Israeli troops of abusing the human rights. The troop wa s accused of human rights violations such as shelling a edifice they had ordered the civilians to enter, using a Palestinian child as a human shield during fighting in Gaza, shooting Palestinian children among many others.The United Nations was at the fore front of urging the two countries to settle their differences and observe peaceful relations. globalization and free trade Multilateralism encourages globalization. Globalization is defined as the sense of wide spread international movement. It implies a higher place of organization, where discrete international entities dissolve, so that all major political and economic decisions are communicate globally. It sees the death of boundaries encouraging free trade in this sense, it is seen as a factor strengthening multilateralism as the preferred approach for resolving global problems.Globalization has been of utmost performance in reducing barriers to trade in both goods and services and capital flows. Occurrence of unhampered tra de has not only caused maximal economic welfare for the participating states, but has also caused peaceful relations among states. No single country is completely self-sufficient in terms of its consumer needs, such as food. Multilateralism has therefore been able to balance the two aspects it has provided a market for the big producers of consumer products, while satisfying the consumer needs for the people in the low producing countries.wellness Multilateralism involves and encourages the movement of people from one country to another. It has seen the movement of people among nations, resulting to immigration. Immigrants find their way in an environment that is new to them due to several reasons such as wars, the search for a better life and famine among many other reasons. Multilateralism has given people the freedom to move to foreign countries and easily acquire passports, work permits and other documents required for one to settle in the country.However, this movement has see n crowding in the developed nations, as the people from the third world struggle to find ways to migrate to the developed nations. It has also resulted to the spread of diseases from one nation to the other. Many of the people who migrate as refugees are not screened for dangerous or contagious diseases. They spread diseases from their home countries to the foreign country. A good example was the spread of diseases that happened in the 20th century is spread of Ebola by Uganda immigrants to the neighboring countries homogeneous Kenya and Tanzania, and the spread of small pox by immigrants form Congo.Environmental conservation One of the principles of multilateralism is to oversee environmental conservation, especially today, when global thaw has been declared a global environmental crisis. Its well known that multilateralism encouraged the developed countries to establish industries in the developing countries. However, in doing this, it has accelerated the rate of global change i n the developing countries. Initially, the developing countries have little levels of global warming.When the multinational companies in the developed nations establish subsidiaries in the developing nations, they accelerate global warming through the increased emission of the green house gases to the atmosphere, and increasing chances acidic rain. This, not only poses health risks to the people in the developing nations, but is also a cause for the destruction of their crops as most of them rely on farming. Even though multilateralism intends to encourage environmental conservation and the development of the third world countries, it ends up encouraging global warming indirectly.Works cited 1) Khan Adeel. Politics of identity ethnic nationalism and the state in Pakistan. SAGE, 2005. Pg 25 2) Goldmann Kjell, Hannerz Ulf, Westin Charles. Nationalism and internationalism in the Post-Cold War Era New York Routledge, 2000. Pg 34-35 3) Hider James, UN accuses Israeli troops of Gaza hum an right abuses Times Online. 3/24/2009, retrieved on 4/17/2009 from http//www. timesonline. co. uk/tol/ word of honor/world/middle_east/article5962905. ece 4) Zhao Suisheng. A nation-state by construction dynamics of modern Chinese nationalism. Stanford University Press, Beijing 2004. pg 79

Part Three Chapter IX

IXKay Bawden never wanted to doctor foot in Miles and Samanthas house again. She could non forgive them for witnessing Gavins collection of indifference, nor could she forget Miles patronizing laughter, his attitude to Bellchapel, or the sneery course that he and Samantha had spoken ab disclose Krystal Weedon.In spite of Gavins apology and his tepid assurances of affection, Kay could not stop fancy him nose to nose with Mary on the sofa jumping up to help oneself her with the plates walking her home in the dark. When Gavin told her, a few days later, that he had had dinner at Marys house, she had to fight down an angry response, because he had never eaten more than toast at her house in Hope Street.She might not be allowed to say anything bad some The Widow, ab egress whom Gavin spoke as though she were the Holy M other, but the Mollisons were different.I cant say I like Miles rattling much.Hes not exactly my best mate.If you ask me, itll be a catastrophe for the addiction cl inic if he gets elected.I doubt itll make any difference.Gavins apathy, his indifference to other peoples pain, always infuriated Kay.Isnt there anyone wholl stick up for Bellchapel?Colin Wall, I suppose, express Gavin.So, at eight oclock on Monday evening, Kay walked up the Walls drive and rang their doorbell. From the search step, she could make out Samantha Mollisons red-faced Ford Fiesta, parked in the drive three houses along. The sight added a illuminatetle extra zest to her desire for a fight.The Walls door was undef overthrowable by a short plain dumpy woman in a tie-dyed skirt.Hello, tell Kay. My names Kay Bawden, and I was wondering whether I could speak to Colin Wall?For a split second, Tessa simply stared at the attractive young woman on the doorstep whom she had never seen before. The strangest idea flashed across her mind that Colin was having an affair and that his lover had make out to tell her so.Oh yes come in. Im Tessa.Kay wiped her feet conscientiously o n the doormat and followed Tessa into a sitting room that was smaller, shabbier but cosier than the Mollisons. A tall, balding man with a high hilltop was sitting in an armchair with a notebook in his lap and a pen in his hand.Colin, this is Kay Bawden, tell Tessa. Shed like to speak to you.Tessa saw Colins startled and wary expression, and knew at once that the woman was a stranger to him. Really, she thought, a little ashamed, what were you thinking?Im sorry to barge in on you like this, unannounced, said Kay, as Colin stood up to shake her hand. I would rescue telephoned, but youre Were ex-directory, yes, said Colin. He towered over Kay, his eyes tiny behind the lenses of his glasses. Please, sit down.Thank you. Its more or less the election, said Kay. This Parish Council election. Youre standing, arent you, against Miles Mollison?Thats right, said Colin nervously. He knew who she must be the reporter who had wanted to talk to Krystal. They had tracked him down Tessa ought not to have let her in.I was wondering whether I could help in any way, said Kay. Im a social proletarian, mostly working in the Fields. There are some facts and figures I could give you about the Bellchapel Addiction Clinic, which Mollison seems sooner keen on closing. Ive been told that youre for the clinic? That youd like to keep it escaped?The onrush of relief and plea undisputable made him about giddy.Oh, yes, said Colin, yes, I would. Yes, that was my predecessors thats to say, the previous holder of the seat Barry Fairbrother was certainly opposed to closing the clinic. And I am, too.Well, Ive had a conversation with Miles Mollison, and he made it quite clear that he doesnt think the clinics worth(predicate) keeping open. Frankly, I think hes rather ignorant and naive about the causes and treatment of addiction, and about the very real difference Bellchapel is making. If the Parish refuses to renew the lease on the building, and the District cuts funding, then theres a danger that some very vulnerable people will be left without support.Yes, yes, I see, said Colin. Oh, yes, I agree.He was astonished and flattered that this attractive young woman would have walked through the evening to find him and offer herself as an ally.Would you like a cup of tea or coffee, Kay? asked Tessa.Oh, thanks very much, said Kay. Tea, please, Tessa. No sugar.Fats was in the kitchen, helping himself from the fridge. He ate copiously and continually, but remained scrawny, never putting on an ounce of weight. In spite of his openly declared disgust for them, he seemed unaffected by Tessas pack of ready-filled syringes, which sat in a clinical white box following to the cheese.Tessa moved to the kettle, and her thoughts returned to the subject that had consumed her ever since Sukhvinder had suggested it earlier that Fats and Krystal were seeing each other. She had not questioned Fats, and she had not told Colin.The more that Tessa thought about it, the more certain she was that it could not be true. She was sure that Fats held himself in such high regard that no girl would be good enough, especially a girl like Krystal. Surely he would not Demean himself? Is that it? Is that what you think?Whos here? Fats asked Tessa, through a mouthful of cold chicken, as she put on the kettle.A woman who wants to help pop music get elected to the council, replied Tessa, foraging in the cupboard for biscuits.Why? Does she fancy him?Grow up, Stu, said Tessa crossly.He plucked several slices of thin ham out of an open pack and poked them, bit by bit, into his crammed mouth, like a magician inserting silk handkerchiefs into his fist. Fats sometimes stood for ten minutes at a time at the open fridge, ripping open clingfilm and packets and putting chunks of food directly into his mouth. It was a habit Colin deprecated, along with almost every other aspect of Fats behaviour.Whys she want to help him, seriously? he asked, having swallowed his mouthful of meat.She want s the Bellchapel Addiction Clinic to stay open.What, a junkie, is she?No, she isnt a junkie, said Tessa, noting with annoyance that Fats had finished the last three chocolate biscuits and left the invalidate wrappings on the shelf. Shes a social worker, and she thinks the clinic is doing a good job. Dad wants to keep it open, but Miles Mollison doesnt think its very effective.It cant be doing that well. The Fields are full of glue-sniffers and smackheads.Tessa knew that if she had said that Colin wanted to close the clinic, Fats would have instantly produced an argument for its continuation.You ought to be a barrister, Stu, she said as the kettle lid started to rattle.When Tessa returned to the sitting room with her tray, she found Kay talking Colin through a sheaf of printed material she had brought out of her big tote bag. two drugs workers part-funded by the council, and partly by Action on Addiction, which is a actually good charity. Then theres a social worker attached to the clinic, Nina, shes the one who gave me all this oh, thanks very much, said Kay, beaming up at Tessa, who had set down a mug of tea on the table beside her. Kay had taken to the Walls, in just a few minutes, as she had not taken to anybody else in Pagford. There had been no sweeping up-and-down glance from Tessa as she walked in, no gimlet-eyed assessment of her physical imperfections and dress sense. Her husband, though nervous, seemed decent and earnest in his determination to close down the abandonment of the Fields.Is that a London accent, Kay? asked Tessa, dunking a plain biscuit in her tea. Kay nodded.What brings you to Pagford?A relationship, said Kay. She took no pleasure saying it, even though she and Gavin were formally reconciled. She turned back to Colin.I dont quite understand the situation with regards to the Parish Council and the clinic.Oh, it owns the building, said Colin. Its an old church. The lease is coming up for renewal.So that would be an easy way to force them out.Exactly. When did you say youd spoken to Miles Mollison? asked Colin, both hoping and dreading to hear that Miles had mentioned him.We had dinner, Friday before last, Kay explained, Gavin and I Oh, youre Gavins girlfriend interjected Tessa.Yes and, anyway, the subject of the Fields came up It would, said Tessa. and Miles mentioned Bellchapel, and I was quite quite dismayed by the way he talked about the issues involved. I told him Im dealing with a family at the moment, Kay remembered her indiscreet mention of the Weedons names and proceeded carefully, and if the mother is deprived of methadone, shell almost certainly end up back on the game.That sounds like the Weedons, said Tessa, with a lowering sensation.I yes, I am talking about the Weedons, actually, said Kay.Tessa reached for another biscuit.Im Krystals advocate teacher. This must be the second time her mothers been through Bellchapel, is it?Third, said Kay.Weve known Krystal since she was five she was in our s ons class at primary enlighten, Tessa said. Shes had an dreadful life, truly.Absolutely, said Kay. Its astounding shes as sweet as she is, actually.Oh, I agree, said Colin heartily.Remembering Colins absolute refusal to rescind Krystals time lag after the squawking incident in assembly, Tessa elevated her eyebrows. Then she wondered, with a sick lurch in her stomach, what Colin would say if Sukhvinder was not lying or mistaken. But surely Sukhvinder was slander. She was a shy, naive girl. Probably she had got the wrong end of the stick misheard something The point is, about the only thing that motivates Terri is the fear of losing her kids, said Kay. Shes back on track at the moment her key worker at the clinic told me she senses a bit of a breakthrough in Terris attitude. If Bellchapel closes, it all goes belly-up again, and God knows whatll happen to the family.This is all very useful, said Colin, nodding importantly, and commencement to make notes on a clean page in his n otebook. Very useful indeed. Did you say youve got statistics on people going clean?Kay shuffled the printed pages, looking for the information. Tessa had the image that Colin wanted to reclaim Kays attention for himself. He had always been susceptible to good looks and a sympathetic manner.Tessa munched another biscuit, still thinking about Krystal. Their recent guidance sessions had not been very satisfactory. Krystal had been standoffish. Todays had been no different. She had extracted a promise from Krystal that she would not pursue or harass Sukhvinder Jawanda again, but Krystals demeanour suggested that Tessa had let her down, that trust was broken. Possibly Colins detention was to blame. Tessa had thought that she and Krystal had forged a bond strong enough to withstand that, although it had never been quite like the one Krystal had with Barry.(Tessa had been there, on the spot, the day that Barry had come into school with a rowing machine, looking for recruits to the crew h e was trying to start. She had been summoned from the staff room to the gym, because the PE teacher was off sick, and the only supply teacher they could find at such short notice was male.The fourth-year girls, in their shorts and Aertex tops, had been giggly when they had arrived in the gym to find Miss Jarvis absent, replaced by two strange men. Tessa had had to reprimand Krystal, Nikki and Leanne, who had pushed to the front of the class and were making lewd suggestive remarks about the supply teacher he was a handsome young man with an unfortunate tendency to blush.Barry, short, ginger-haired and bearded, was eroding a tracksuit. He had taken a morning off work to do this. Everybody thought his idea was strange and unrealistic schools like Winterdown did not have rowing eights. Niamh and Siobhan had seemed half amused, half mortified by their dads presence.Barry explained what he was trying to do put together crews. He had secured the use of the old boathouse down on the canal at Yarvil it was a fabulous sport, and an opportunity to shine, for themselves, for their school. Tessa had positioned herself right next to Krystal and her friends to keep them in check the worst of their giggling had subsided, but was not entirely quelled.Barry present the rowing machine and asked for volunteers. Nobody stepped forward.Krystal Weedon, said Barry, pointing at her. Ive seen you dangling off the monkey bars down the park thats proper upper body volume youve got there. Come here and give it a go.Krystal was only too happy to step into the spotlight she swaggered up to the machine and sat down on it. make up with Tessa glowering beside them, Nikki and Leanne had howled with laughter and the rest of the class joined in.Barry showed Krystal what to do. The silent supply teacher had watched in professional alarm as Barry positioned her hands on the wooden handle.She heaved on the handle, making a stupid face at Nikki and Leanne, and everyone laughed again.Look at that, Barry had said, beaming. Shes a graphic.Had Krystal really been a natural? Tessa did not know anything about rowing she could not tell.Straighten your back, Barry told Krystal, or youll injure it. Thats it. Pull pull look at that technique have you done this before?Then Krystal really had straightened her back, and she really had done it properly. She stopped looking at Nikki and Leanne. She hit a rhythm.Excellent, said Barry. Look at that excellent. Thats how you do it Atta girl. And again. And again. And It urts shouted Krystal.I know it does. Thats how you end up with arms like Jennifer Aniston, doing that, said Barry.There had been a little ripple of laughter, but this time they laughed with him. What was it that Barry had had? He was always so present, so natural, so entirely without self-consciousness. Teenagers, Tessa knew, were riven with the fear of ridicule. Those who were without it, and God knew there were few enough of them in the adult world, had natural authori ty among the young they ought to be forced to teach.And rest Barry said, and Krystal slumped, red in the face and rubbing her arms.Youll have to give up the fags, Krystal, said Barry, and he got a big laugh this time. OK, who else wants a try?When Krystal rejoined her watching classmates, she was no longer laughing. She watched each new rower jealously, her eyes darting constantly to Barrys bearded face to see what he thought of them. When Carmen Lewis messed it up completely, Barry said, Show em, Krystal, and her face lit up as she returned to the machine.But at the end of the exhibition, when Barry asked those who were interested in trying out for the team to raise their hands, Krystal kept her arms folded. Tessa watched her shake her head, sneering, as Nikki muttered to her. Barry carefully noted down the names of the interested girls, then looked up.And you, Krystal Weedon, he said, pointing at her. Youre coming too. Dont you shake your head at me. Ill be very loaded if I dont see you. Thats natural talent youve got there. I dont like seeing natural talent wasted. Krys tal, he said loudly, inscribing her name, Wee don.Had Krystal thought about her natural talent as she showered at the end of the lesson? Had she carried the thought of her new aptitude around with her that day, like an unexpected Valentine? Tessa did not know but to the amazement of all, object perhaps Barry, Krystal had turned up at try-outs.)Colin was nodding vigorously as Kay took him through relapse rates at Bellchapel.Parminder should see this, he said. Ill make sure she gets a copy. Yes, yes, very useful indeed.Feeling slightly sick, Tessa took a fourth biscuit.