Quality of Food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Quality of Food - Essay Example Similarly when it comes to food products, customers normally prefer the quality of food and its taste. As the world is growing, people are demanding more and more changes in their living, eating and dressing habits. They are demanding not only for the low cost items but also demand to purchase a good quality product. When it comes to food products, consumers show a more sensitive attitude to buy a reputable product. The reputation of a food product is based on the quality and safety of the product. The reputation of a food product is mainly set up by the highest customer satisfaction and positive attitude towards the product. As found by Dickinson, Hobbs and Bailey that consumers of food products are willing to pay even more than the normal price only if they are assured that the food has passed the normal quality attributes. This paper would further explain the role of quality assurance in achieving the highest customer satisfaction and confidence in the food industry. Quality of a product depends on a number of factors like the selection of unprocessed material, processing techniques, packaging, techniques of storing material, security of sensitive products etc. All these factors may have a great positive or negative affect on the quality of the final product. Quality can be defined as a certain factor which exposes the degree of superiority of a product. The word quality has a greater role to play when it comes to food. Quality of food is dependent upon the phases that the food passes from and if or not the food is desirable to eat after passing through the different stages. ' Quality assurance is the concept which denies the concept that a good final product can be produced by a low-quality or poor raw material. In the food industry, it is believed that effective procedures must be used and carefully practiced to preserve the actual quality of the raw material. In simple words, it implies that useful procedures may help in saving time and reduce the normal losses (for example, Material wastage while transferring it from one process to another), however, no effective processing may improve the quality of raw material and hence of the final product. Quality assurance is necessary for the thriving progress of business and its goodwill. In order to make their distinguishable standard in the food industry, owners are required to maintain a constant standard of their products. Quality control bears importance as its aim is not just to produce a product which achieves the standards of quality which is already available in the market but also to maintain that quality in each piece of its product. Quality assurance sets its standards and then promises the customers to maintain and develop it throughout its business life (2). The point to ponder is that in the food industry the major step, to control the quality of food, can only be taken before putting the raw material in its first process. Once the raw material is added to the process it becomes difficult and almost impossible improve its quality. Quality assurance requires proper quality check from the very beginning of the production process. Without quality inspections at several stages it is impossible to assure the quality even after using the best possible way to reduce the cost price. Quality is

Pharmacology Population Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pharmacology Population - Assignment Example In a study by Bartelink, Rademaker, Schobben, et al. (2006), population pk was found to be a very important approach through which not just pharmacokinetic information is obtained from sparse data sets but also pharmacodynamic information obtained from this same sparse data set. Leeder (2004) also observed that there stages in the drug development process where the very large population may be needed but with only a few observations per patient so as to determine the exact and unique differences with drug behavior in each patient based on special characteristics. To achieve this, population pk is employed or used to obtain information at both the phase II and phase III clinical trials among patients. It is not surprising that Ernest, Elder, Martini, et al. (2007) identified population pk as a practice associated with several pharmaceutical companies in the course of their drug development process. Certainly, population pk comes as a single most reliable mechanism by which dosage dete rmination to drugs can be done due to the size of the population used in the sparse data sets, each of whom is observed for very specific outcomes based on their demographic and pathophysiology characteristics. Also writing on the contribution of population pk to drug development, Roosmarijn et al. (2011) found that there are instances when intensive blood sampling can be attained. Meanwhile, Hsieh and Korfmacher (2006) noted that where intensive blood sampling is possible, there is the benefit of replicating the outcomes with particular blood samples for a larger population size. This means that where intensive blood sampling is not possible an alternative is needed to ensure that almost all populations are catered for. Typical situations in drug development where intensive blood sampling has not been attainable include drug development processes for children, cancer, and AIDS.

Compare the ways in which Larkin Essay Example for Free

Compare the ways in which Larkin Essay Compare the ways in which Larkin and Abse create a sense of place in their poems. In your response you must include detailed critical discussion of at least two of Larkin’s poems. Throughout the anthology ‘The Whitsun Weddings’, Larkin’s presents both himself and the narrators he uses as generally detached from places and shows he doesn’t feel emotionally attached to places traditionally considered sentimental, such as his parents’ house, as shown in ‘Home is So Sad’. Larkin also presents a dislike for urbanisation and industrialism, and finds comfort in unfamiliar places, â€Å"strangeness made sense†. In direct contrast, in ‘Last Visit to 198 Cathedral Road†, Abse is shown to be emotionally overcome by his attachment to his parent’s house, and this sense of attachment can be shown throughout his poems, as he constantly shows his sentiment towards Wales and his hometown of Ogmore in particular. A sense of place is perhaps best shown by Larkin in his poem ‘Here’. In this poem, he creates a juxtaposition of country and cities, and through his language suggests that country is preferable. He uses words such as â€Å"cheap†, â€Å"grim† and â€Å"raw† to suggest he finds industrialism undesirable, and also suggests that the people are of a lower class and to be looked down on; â€Å"a cut-price crowd, urban yet simple†. The surging momentum of the poem’s opening lines imitates the swerving motion of the train, which reinforces Larkin’s views towards modernism, as the repetition of the verb â€Å"swerving† suggests an unpleasant sensation. In the third stanza, he creates a sense of city through description, â€Å"tattoo-shops, consulates, grim head-scarfed wives†, and chooses to show images with traditionally negative connotations, for example tattoos, to highlight his dislike for cities. The random acquisitiveness of the shoppers who converge makes them indistinguishable from the crowds in any other urban areas, suggesting the cities can be depersonalising. As may be expected of Larkin, he shows a disliking for consumerism, â€Å"cheap suits†, as a critic remarked ‘Larkin’s presentation of the growth of consumer culture evinces nostalgia for the innocence of the past’. Although for Larkin the countryside is depicted as â€Å"gold† and â€Å"shining†, as the train draws further from the country he begins to describe it with more negative words. Phrases such as â€Å"Isolate villages† and â€Å"unfenced existence† creates a semantic field that suggests isolation, which Larkin furthers by saying â€Å"loneliness clarifies†, suggesting that the space in the country allows for loneliness and neglect, as the people there are described as leading â€Å"removed lives†, whilst the â€Å"cluster† and â€Å"crowds† of the cities leave no space to feel alone. Larkin’s views on urbanisation are seen in other works of movement poets, who were â€Å"antimodernist†, therefore it could be argued that his views stem from the Movement. However, from a psychoanalytic viewpoint, Larkin’s attitudes could be due to the influence of growing up under the hardships of the postwar era, and the seemingly limitless freedoms of urbanisation didn’t conform to his traditional views. Acting as a direct juxtaposition to Larkin, Abse suggests he finds security and comfort in cities, as shown by the underlying feeling of attachment in his poem â€Å"Leaving Cardiff†. By never using place names, Larkin seemingly heightens his sense of place by allowing the reader to attach the industrial description to any town, whilst Abse could be argued to limit himself by through naming showing his poem to be about â€Å"Cardiff†. However, it could also be argued this demonstrates his attachment, as for Larkin the place is unimportant but it’s crucial for Abse. Abse’s language in ‘Leaving Cradiff’ creates a semantic field of lowness through images such as â€Å"slack hammocks† and â€Å"sea-birds drop†, which reflects his sadness at leaving home. Whilst Larkin shows no sentimentality towards home, Abse’s â€Å"eyes, like spaces, fill†, showing the extent of his attachment. The low mood of the poem is furthered by words such as â€Å"derelictions† and â€Å"the furthest star†. Interestingly, whilst Larkin amidst his isolation from place never suggests that place can affect people, Abse alludes to the opposite by saying â€Å"not for one second†¦can I be the same man†, which suggests some of who he is comes from his hometown. Through images such as these, Abse creates a sense of place in a different way to Larkin, as he uses little description but suggests the idea of belonging to a place, which the reader can see throughout the poem. Both poets write about returning to their parent’s homes after their deaths, allowing for a direct comparison between their descriptions and sense of attachment shown. In his poem ‘Home is so Sad’, there is a sense of discomfort, which suggests Larkin is never at ease even in his â€Å"home†. In contrast, Abse is shown to find comfort in his â€Å"last visit†. Larkin’s phrases such as â€Å"the last to go†, â€Å"withers† and â€Å"no heart† semantically suggests this lack of attachment. However in contrast to his ideas show in Here, â€Å"bereft of anyone to please† suggests that people can be shaped by a place, but Larkin simply isn’t. It is often remarked that Larkin was deeply affected by his parent’s unhappy marriage and that this influenced his decision not to get married, and this â€Å"unspent and boring youth† as Larkin once remarked is reflected in the line â€Å"a joyous shot at how things ought to be, long fallen wide†. It could thus be argued that Larkin lack of attachment comes from his personal experiences in the house, rather than a lack of sentimentality towards all places. Through listing objects, â€Å"the pictures†¦the cutlery†¦that vase† and never mentioning his parents Larkin completes the presentation of detachment from his â€Å"home†. Contrastingly, Abse repeatedly mentions his parents, â€Å"my father’s armchair†¦ so much dust, mother! † which suggests attachment as he attaches people to the place. â€Å"Dying room, rather† is a rather cynical tone for Larkin and could be used to demonstrate his attachment, as it clearly exemplifies his upset. Similarly, his personification of the objects, â€Å"the vase that yawned†¦the four-legged table in a fright† could be used to show this attachment, as he feels a need to personify to inanimate objects to give the â€Å"living room† the sense of life it always had to him. The literal and metaphorical â€Å"return to the dark† suggests the extent of his attachment to what was presumably his childhood home. The final line of the last stanza, through which he creates a sense of eerie quiet, â€Å"when the silence calmed, became profound† suggests he wants to replace the silence, as the stillness isn’t comforting, whereas Larkin often finds comfort in solitude and silence. Interestingly, Larkin successfully creates a sense of place in ‘the importance of elsewhere’ which is about Ireland and therefore not his home, which reinforces his lack of attachment and his uneasiness at home. After stating â€Å"Lonely in Ireland, since it was not home† Larkin continues to suggest he feels â€Å"welcome† whilst away as he and the country â€Å"were in touch†. He uses similar descriptions to in ‘Here’, still describing the countryside as preferable to cities, but the clear use of the pronoun â€Å"their† still suggests a detachment, as it becomes ‘him and them’. In the last stanza, Larkin alludes to understanding the effect of place on people, as says â€Å"here no elsewhere underwrites my existence†, which suggests that people can be heavily influenced by place. Through this, he creates a sense of place by allowing the reader to understand the place which ‘underwrites their existence†, which reinforces the idea that poetry is about reader-response, as I.A. Richards once said. In conclusion, the stark difference between the sense of place created in Larkin and Abse’s poetry is the sense of attachment. Whilst Larkin is detached, Abse feels sentimentally specifically towards his hometown and country. However, it could be argued that sense of sadness created by each poet stems from different reasoning, as Abse is sad due to his attachment to a place, whilst Larkin is generally detached from both place and people.

Kilbrandon: Punitive approach to justice in Scotland.

Kilbrandon: Punitive approach to justice in Scotland. This essay will critically evaluate the Kilbrandon ethos and will examine the proposed integrative, welfare-orientated approach in the decision making concerning children and their welfare. It will also take into account the recent moves towards a more punitive approach and the response concerning this modification. The Kilbrandon Report was established in 1964 by Lord Kilbrandon. Kilbrandon reviewed the existing juvenile justice system and felt the need to implement a new innovative radical approach to help deal with the existing juvenile delinquency and school truanting in Scotland. By analysing the courts records of child offenders the aforementioned highlighted that the majority of those individuals came from unfortunate backgrounds and may possibly have experienced various situations within their young lives. (Lockyer, A. Stone, F.H. 1998) It is necessary to look at where the child centred approach arose from and what this meant for the criminal justice system as a whole. The 1908 Childrens Act (UK) was known as the first Childrens Charter in Scotland due to the impact it had and the concern it showed for childrens individual rights. As a result of this act the death sentence was abolished for children and imprisonment for children dealt with in a more acceptable manner. The separation of juvenile and adults courts was looked upon as the way forward by means of looking at childrens needs in a more specific manner, thus forming the basis of child protection. The idea behind child protection was to protect them from harm, neglect or cruelty however; this sometimes meant having to remove the child from the family home. Over the next few years there were various areas of progress which led to the evolvement of the Children and Young Persons (S) Act 1937. This act defined a child as being under the age of 14 and the crimina l responsibility age rose from seven years to eight years of age. The criminal age in Scotland has risen to 12 years of age 10 for the rest of the UK. A child aged between 14 and 17 was then known as a young person. The 1937 act saw the separation of children and young people and implemented different ways in dealing with various behaviours or offending. (Hothersall, S. 2005) The post war years saw a number of issues surface and prompted the government to take action in regards to their stance on dealing with the welfare of children and young people within society. In 1961 Lord Kilbrandon proposed to implement a new welfare based system which was produced in 1964 and which was included into legislation by 1968, this approach would take a holistic approach to those matters which caused the greatest concern of that of children and young people within society. The primary aim was to focus on children who were in need of help or care, persistent truants or beyond the control of their parents. His approach would examine how offending issues and how the lack of social education had played a vital role in juvenile offending and deviant behaviour. As a result of this the recommendation by the committee it was put forward which would form the basis of the Social Work Act 1968. Their main aim was to recognise and take responsibility for community welfare; in conjunction with this the childrens hearing system would take societys failures into consideration. (Action for children 2009) Kilbrandon based his approach upon needs not deeds and believed that those children who were brought before the justice system or who were in need of care warranted intervention and the prevention of criminalisation to avoid stigmatisation. His beliefs and principles were child centred and seen to be in the childs best interest. (Mcara, L. 2005) The main principle on which the ethos structure was based upon was by taking into regards any decision made in respects to the childrens welfare as it should be primarily based upon the best interests of the child and their overall needs. The system should not take into account what the child has done, past or present. The change to the system helped to define who was in need of compulsory measures of care regardless of whether they had been abused or had committed offences. (Muncie, J. Goldson, B. 2006) The welfare approach has the option to modify the approach in cases of serious offences. Each remedy is not always going to be the same as it is not possible due to the similar influences and demises in a childs life. The Kilbrandon philosophy unfortunately attracts high expectations and sometimes these expectations can be thwarted. Kilbrandons ethos is based on taking the childs needs into consideration and trying to work with families and agencies to give the child the care and support they need and to try and keep families together as much as possible, sometimes this option is not possible. By using the forward thinking approach in regards to preventative measures it allows the childs needs to be examined. So would introducing a more punitive system be the answer? Do children have to separate from their families to be rehabilitated and cared for? Helping with educational and behavioural problems would certainly be a challenge but would definitely help to build confidences and aid the principle of rehabilitation. Early intervention strategies could certainly prove useful in the prevention of further offending. (As cited in Croall, H. et al 2010) By introducing the new innovative system Scotland was fast becoming a country with a unique childrens hearing system in place. The childrens hearing system was put together from three carefully selected volunteer lay members and trained volunteers from all walks of life and with varying life experiences from the local community. (SCRA) The system furthermore involved the guidance of a trained individual, the Reporter who was required to give advice on procedures and legal issues concerning the hearing and oversee the overall hearing process. An important aspect when considering what decision has to be made comes from the understanding and the investigation of contributing factors leading to the childs or families problems. The panel has to consider each aspect just as important as the next and by listening to the viewpoints of others involved can help make the decision process marginally easier. As the members of the lay party are from the local community it allows their input on the decision to be taken into consideration in conjunction with the involvement of detached professionals, the childs family and the childs own rights. (SCRA) Although, Scotland has long been admired for its approach towards youth offending by working in conjunction with multi-agencies on a child centred approach its unique child welfare approach has at no time had its system reviewed. (Action for children, 2004). Times have changed and so has the challenges that children and young people face within society. Society has also seen a change in family circumstances which include divorce, single parent families, and alcohol and drug abuse problems. There are also the underlying factors to consider which may include child abuse, neglect, delinquency, truancy and poverty. As a consequence of this questions are arising as to whether the system Scotland has in place to deal with young offenders is still viable. In 2002 NCH Scotland carried out its own inquiry into Scotlands hearing system and the results were made available in 2004 for evaluation. The inquiry did however highlight the fact that the system itself was solid nevertheless; there were a number of recommendations put forward to help with certain weaknesses within the system. (Action for children, 2004). According to SACRO the childrens hearing system is not failing but they suggest however, due to the lack of resources available this is having an adverse effect on the effectiveness of the overall system. SACRO also believe that there should be a single system in place to take on a holistic overview of the issues involved instead on focusing primarily on a welfarist approach. By introducing a more effective element of restorative justice this may well assist in allowing the youth justice system to achieve this aspect of concern. (SACRO ) The perceived strengths of the Kilbrandon report includes various aspects which most individuals today would consider as expected however, there are those who may feel that the system is too soft and could be more punitive. The strengths of the report include: needs and deeds, a holistic approach, child centred and welfare focused, an informal hearing system, protection of children and young people, multi-agency working including the family where possible and dealing with care and protection issues of the children and young people. (Phillips, S. 2008) However, the report does highlight various weaknesses which include: the lack of resources available, the families lack of knowledge in relation to the system and the lack of the panels understanding of the families. Poorly trained panel members, some families not being included in the decision making, lack of social workers and also the formality of the system can be intimidating for the children and young people involved. One major concern is the fact that the system does not work successfully when it is dealing with school related issues including truanting and school refusal. An important issue that has an impact on the justice system is the financial backing as this has been said to have an adverse effect on the youth justice system. (Muncie, J. 2004) So what exactly is Justice? Justice is regarded as what has the best consequences. Created by the public and authorities it is enforceable rules and legislations, it is there to protect society by showing what is fair and what is wrong and the latter resulting in punishment. Justice itself is there to be enforced upon when groups or individuals need it to be. However, Justice for children can be looked upon as providing the opportunity of equality to help the child or young person improve their prospects in prospective safe and caring surroundings. (Goldson, B. 2008) An important issue that has become apparent over the years is the large increase of referrals in relation to care and protection cases compared to that of offending within the childrens hearing system. The NCH enquiry 2002 highlighted the need for the mainstream and preventative services to improve efficiencies and address the number of cases being sent to the childrens hearing system. (Action for children, 2004) When examining the alternative systems of dealing with young offenders in Scotland the NCH 2002 enquiry compared Scotlands system to that of England and Wales. Both of these countries are seen to have a more punitive approach when dealing with youth justice. The results indicated a higher number of young offenders detained within prison establishments, and a higher number of deterrents and confinement orders in place in relation to working towards rehabilitation in comparison with Scotland. The figures gathered indicated an overall increase of 800% of twelve to fourteen years over a ten year period due to the increase of sentences and imposition prison placed on these young people in England and Wales. However, the adverse effect of these figures is the fact that many of these young people may find themselves segregated from others, bullied or may be more likely to self-harm. The NCH looked at these figures not as a success towards offending behaviour as the recidivism rate in England and Wales was between 72/90%, but alternatively as unsuitable and an ineffective form of punitive punishment for children and young people. They believe that the more a child is punished by the justice system the more likely the chance of the child becoming further involved within the justice system itself and only adding to the likely hood of reoffending in the future. (Action for children, 2004) Implementing a more punitive approach within Scotlands youth justice system would also prove to be costly as the figures indicated that in 2002 England and Wales spent in the region of  £207 million on custodial sentences compared to that of their community based community rehabilitation programmes which cost  £76 million. The cost itself made the copying of their punitive approach an undesirable option for Scotland. (Action for children, 2004) The NCHs report in 2002 recommended that the Childrens hearing system continue to reach its full potential and by continuing to use its holistic and understanding approach when dealing with children and young people it would no doubt be more effective than introducing a more punitive approach. (Action for children, 2004) What has become clearer over the years is the matter of dealing with young people aged between 16 and 17 years of age. In 2004 Scotland introduced two pilot youth courts one in Hamilton and one in Airdrie. Their main aim was to tackle youth crime in a more effective and severe manner. The objectives included social inclusion, reduction of the offending frequency of 16 and 17 year olds and the seriousness of their crimes. A fast track procedure was put in place for those individuals appearing before the youth court. By testing the existing legislation the courts would be able to demonstrate their effectiveness and whether deemed appropriate when dealing with young offenders. Overall the prospect of youth courts looked at enhancing safety within the community and dealing with those involved in persistent offending within high crime areas. (The Scottish Government, 2006) An evaluation between June 2003 and December 2004 of Hamilton youth court recorded a total of 611 cases 402 of those cases involved young people. Airdrie youth court was evaluated between June 2004 and December 2005 and a total of 543 cases were recorded of which 341 involved young people. Those involved were aged between 16 and 17 years of age and were primarily male who were prosecuted on single occasions. (The Scottish Government, 2006) Most of those who appeared before the youth courts had low attainment levels and many admitted to drink or drug misuse. Cases brought before the youth courts included assault, possession of drugs, carrying of offensive weapons or most commonly breach of the peace. Most of the young people who appeared before the youth court were granted bail or ordained to appear before the court. Sentencing of young people included the use of electronic monitoring (tagging) as a condition of their bail release or they may have incurred a police monitored curfew. (The Scottish Government, 2006) The overall analysis of the youth court pilot scheme in Airdrie indicated that the use of community based social work disposals dropped and the execution of prison sentences rose. However, in Hamilton there was not a noticeable difference in the use of disposals highlighting the fact that community service and detention issues were better served within the youth court rather than the Sherriff court. Through the introduction of these youth courts they have proved a success when dealing with young people and they are receiving a wider range of resources and services. Nevertheless, the report has suggested that there is a need for further clarity to determine who exactly the youth courts are for. (The Scottish Government, 2006) According to Barnett 1977 the main objective in dealing with offenders should not be to punish, not even to re-educate but to repair or to compensate for the harm caused by the offence (as cited in Lockyer, A Stone, F.H 1998, p248) Believers in restorative justice consider this type of scheme useful when dealing with young offenders. By focusing on the damage the crime has caused an individual or a community it could work towards resolving and restoring the damage caused. The main aim of restorative justice is to primarily concentrate on the victim and not the offender although measures will be incorporated to aid the integration the offender back into the community. However, merging the Kilbrandon philosophy and restorative justice measures for some may raise concerns. (Lockyer, A Stone, F.H 1998) The Kilbrandon Ethos is humane and provides a caring and understanding system for those children and young people involved in it. The fact that the system helps to support the child and rehabilitate when necessary enforces the child centred approach and by comparing the system to that of the one in England and Wales can only highlight the differences in relation to recidivism. The system needs to have the funding in place to help improve the service it offers at present. By providing the family with a proper understanding of the hearing system would allow the involvement with decision making. Overall the Kilbrandon approach deems to be more effective than imposing punitive measures. By further educating and improving communication within the various agencies would help improve the decisions made and the number of cases put before the system. What also has to be addressed is the vulnerable age group of those aged 16 and 17 years. They are not seen as children or adults and so the syst em needs to take into consideration the needs of this age group and deal with the young people in an effective and efficient manner.

Knowledge Essay -- essays research papers

Knowledge   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Knowledge can be interpreted in many different ways. Some may see knowledge as learned education. Others may see education as intelligence. None of these perspectives of knowledge are right or wrong. Every person is entitled to their own definition, source, and use of knowledge in their lives. I view knowledge as the wisdom and insight that one may acquire over time, by personal experiences and influences in life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of the basic knowledge acquired by people starting at a young age is in school. As young children, we learn elementary facts such as our numbers and the alphabet. The older we become, the more facts we are taught, and the more complex these facts become. The knowledge one may learn in school is what I think of as worldly knowledge that will get people into the colleges and jobs that they may desire. The people that are abundant in educational knowledge are the people who dominate our economy and run our country. Certainly, this is one of the more important types of knowledge there are and definitely one that we could not do without, but it is not quite as important as some of the others. Education is vital in life, but mere facts cannot aid in the solution to all problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another source of knowledge is entertainment, such as in television, movies, books, or even music. Certain types of entertainment can even be education. For example, television shows such as â€Å"20/20† or â€Å"DateLine† are both very informative shows, but interesting e...

Cosmic Justice :: Creative Writing Short Stories

Cosmic Justice The particular Evil which the space turtle sensed came from one Dr. Quincey P. Mandra, who after a long life of being victimized (at least as he saw it) through one means or another, decided that the time had arrived for him to become a Mad Scientist and wreak his revenge on humanity and creation in general by taking over the world and making it his plaything. (As can be seen, Dr. Mandra was rather narrow of vision, as any self-respecting Mad Scientist these days would have planned to take over the universe, or at least our particular galaxy. Perhaps this was why the elder space turtle seemed unconcerned.) He had already constructed his Evil Headquarters, which he had named The Citadel of Doom (Insert lightning and thunder here). He thought that it was a name that rolled rather nicely off the tongue. It had all that an Evil Mad Scientist could need: attractive art deco living quarters for himself, barracks for his troops, dank dungeons, torture chambers, mutated guard-beasts, booby traps, and lots and lots of insidious machinery that bleeped and buzzed and crackled and made other science fictiony noises. He still needed one thing however...Hordes. Every Evil Mad Scientist needs hordes of mindless drones to do his Evil Bidding.  ³Where will I find Hordes? ² he mused.  ³Where can I find great masses of mindless individuals ready to be indoctrinated and follow a charismatic leader with little or no regard for consequences or even common sense? ² He rejected Congress immediately.  ³I do need some degree of intelligence in my hordes. Overly stupid hordes have been the downfall of many a Mad Scientist. Besides I do want some combat ability. Some, hell! I want soulless killing machines! ² This naturally brought the armed forces to mind, but he rejected them as too fanatical even for him.  ³Frat boys! Hmm...maybe frat pledges. By the time they reach full frat boy status they ¹ve consumed way too much alcohol to be worth anything.

Musical is an art of arranging sounds Essay

Musical is an art of arranging sounds in a particular pattern to create a pleasant harmony to the ears of the listeners. Just like the industrial revolution took time to reach its present level, the two major forms of musical in America were realized after a long time of progressive development as (Riddle 2003) explains. American musical was firstly borrowed from the European States; the American musical pioneers built on it to develop theirs then later they completely detached from it came up with their own different style of presentation according to (Lubbock 1962). Musical comedy was the first of the only two advanced musical styles to be established in America. Then there followed the other which is the musical play and the two have been cherished widely in the twentieth and the twenty first centuries. There are several legend musicians who played a key role in making American musical what it is today and have been covered by history. The changes that were met in the twentieth century in musical varied from the cultural, content to the form of delivering the musical. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT Music in America is an art that has a very long history in its development in form and content to the level it is now. The historians have established that it has taken hundreds of years to develop from its primitive form to the now sophisticated forms. (Lubbock1962) traces music in America way back in the year 1735. He argues that this introduced music did not originate from America itself but from England. From those years on up to 1960,s the initial way of treating musicals underwent great transformation and many people came into terms with music unlike in the past. As the year 1960 was dawning, Americans began to get enlightened about Musicals where they were in a position to define it and find out its relationship with art according to (Gann 2000). Through continued development of interest in learning what music was, the people also became able to relate it with culture. It is also worthy noting that the various phases through which the American music underwent included the transformation of the places of performance. The first pieces of music were only played in the urban centres but it slowly filtered into the rural as time went by. According to (Gann 2000), the music was taken from the urban to the rural setting in the year 1961 and from there onward it expanded and widely spread more into the interior like a bush fire. In 1980,s several individuals ventured into bettering the quality of the musical performed in the theatres which took the dimension created by the Americans more than that of Europeans. CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT The culture of the people influences greatly the type of music they compose, the type of dance they use to accompany their songs and more so the kind of perception they have on the present generation music. American musical has had a lot of influence on the way the Americans perceive their abilities and identify their characters according to (Knapp 2005). In the same manner, the music the Americans borrowed from the Europeans took after the cultural practices of the natives of the country. Through the ages the American musicals saw a great transition in the way the Americans treated music in relation to their culture. It came a time when the stake holders in musicals began to present their cultures through the art of music especially holding cultural ceremonies where people got the opportunities to express their personalities as (Knapp 2005) confirms. The American musicians also were able to portray their culture through their manner of dressing during music play performances in the theatres. The twentieth century also was the year of making music as a source of earning personal living in addition to expressing the people’s beliefs and practices. (Crawford 2000) confirms that the art of music took the dimension of commercial activity during its development during the twentieth century and a rapid growth as a business the common exercise of the day. By watching a clip of the American produced musical, one was in a position to analyse the type of culture the performers upheld from the way the dressed, their make-ups, the food they eat and the dancing styles which were adopted during music development time. FORM DEVELOPMENT The form in which music first entered America is not the same style of music we play in America today. A great transition has occurred in the music industry in terms of the several classes of music which have hit in the country. Lubbock (1962) asserts that the first type of music to be played in America was Flora and this had its source from England. In this twenty first century, this kind of music can only be referred to as a legend and you may find that the current generation is not aware of the former existence of such kind of music. In the twentieth century, the American natives set out to develop their own style of music which indeed they did in two phases. The first phase was characterized by a lot of emulation of the pre-existing opera style of England which was later advanced. This first move by the upcoming American musicians constituted what was called the comedy music. The second phase of American musical development was the new form of music which was not derived from the European form. According to (Lubbock 1962) it was the Showboat which established the campaign towards developing American-produced music which came to be referred to as music play. Here the musicians could perform their own composed music in public. The music industry in the new form was since then continued by the other successors including Oklahoma and the others. Their establishments have since then not been out dated because music play and the prior styles are the only two ruling the American music industry.