'Explain Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of personality development\r'

'Sigmund Freud practiced as a head-shrinker in Vienna in the late nineteenth century. He mainly treated neurotic old women and his observations and case studies of these women led Freud to propose a possibleness of temperament development. The main basic principle of his test suggested that adult reputation is the result of an interaction in the midst of innate drives (such as the desire for pleasure) and early experience. Freud proposed that undivided personality differences can be traced back to the government agency the early conflicts between desire and experience were handled. These conflicts uphold with the adult and exert pressure through unconsciously motivated behaviour.\r\nFreuds possibility proposed that the thought can be divided into three main agencys. These be the id, self and superego. The id contains innate sexual and aggressive instincts and works aboard the pleasure principle, which searches for immediate satisfaction. The ego is the conscious, ratio nal mind and works on the reality principle. Last is the superego. This is the conscience and knows between right and wrong. These can be relate to personality s each person dust coatthorn be dominated by a part of the mind. For example, people who are dominated by their Id are said to be ‘erotic and seek pleasure.\r\nFreud as well specify stages of psychosexual development. These stages are oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital. If a sister experiences severe problems or excessive pleasure at any stage during development, this can lead to arrested development which can then lead to differences in personality. retroflexion can also occur if adults experience trying situations. Freud believed that both fixation and regression play grand roles in determining adult personality.\r\nA straightforward example of this can be seen in children that conk fixated on the anal stage. They feel that they can construe their bodily functions and enjoy retaining movement. Fixa tion on retaining faeces can lead to an anal retentive personality type. This type is characterised as being clean, orderly and obstinate.\r\nswelled head defence is also a process compound in the development of personality. There are a variety of defence mechanisms used as justification by the ego. Denial is a very steady-going example of this. This is refusing to accept the existence of a leaden event e.g. some patients suffering from a unsafe illness may deny that the illness is change their lives. Freud saw these defences as unhealthy and believed that they affecting personality development.\r\nMuch of Freuds work was supported by former(a) research evidence whereas other(a)s conflicted with his work. Evidence supporting Freuds possibleness of fixation was published by Rosenwald (1972). He shew that people who scored high for anal retentiveness were loth(p) to put their hands into a brown message resembling excrement. This suggests that anal retentives do have anxietie s about faeces.\r\nFreuds theory can also be used to let off ‘inconsistency (‘part of me wants to, but the other part doesnt). it also largely omitted social influences and promoted a deterministic, biological view.\r\n alike criticisms of Freuds theory include that Freud conducted his study on middle-classes white Viennese women and so is hard to generalise for other cultures.\r\n'