One child policy of China Essay

The issue of extract growth has been one of the major problems faced by world over past century. The exponential macrocosm growth, popularly termed as macrocosm explosion, has led to unprecedented rise in human population, which has numerically grown by over 4 trillion to 6 meg in the last hundred years itself.This terrible growth in human somas has spawned friendly and economical problems of grueling complexity, especially considering the fact that most of this growth has happened in economically developing countries of Asian and African region, particularly India and chinaware, both of whom have seen their population increment past a billion mark. Supporting such huge issue forth of ever rising population is indeed a challenge for all country, as natural resources threaten to run short, and economic privations become a general norm.Under such circumstances, population control becomes a needed administ ration objective, the validity, importance and meaningfulness of which are undisputable from environmental, economic and social angels. However, population control policies have always gene appraised controversies from humanitarian and ethical viewpoints, the most noteworthy example of them being the population control insurance form _or_ system of presidential term of Peoples Republic of China that restricts couples to having just one baby (Xue, 1996).Although highly in effect(p) under Chinas strict state policies, it is indeed an extremum measure that has invited criticism from all over the world because for its forceful kind of than coercive implications. Issues involved As stated earlier, unchecked rise in population is indeed an invitation to complex and unmanageable problems that no nation state can handle irrespective of its size and resources. However, the issues involved with Chinas one youngster policy are very complicated and have-to doe with close to basic concepts of right to life and existenceChina launched its battlefu l family planning scheme in mid of 1970s when suddenly its policy makers realized the dangers of a rapidly growing population that had reached one billion mark by 1980s (Smith, 1991). In the foregoing two decades the government activity had failed to take in cognizance of growing population due to stableness and improvement economic conditions, availability of medical facilities, medicines and drop in pip-squeak mortality.More ominously, as demographers realized, the rapid growth of population in previous decades implied that by 1980 more than half the population was approaching marriage age, which meant that notwithstanding under decreasing fertility rate, the Chinese population would reach 1. 4 billion by end of the century (White, 2003). This realization launched Chinese policy makers and government in a frenetic attempt to implement some of the strictest population measures that included a one-child policy per couple to contain the population under 1. 2 billion (Richards, 19 96).This draconian measure was explained and justified from motley social and economical angels, one of which was arguable shortage of cultivable inflict (Smith, 1991). As government argued, the cultivable land per person had come spile from . 20 hectare in 1949 to . 10 hectare in 1980 due to almost two-baser of population in the same period and hence the ensuing crisis demanded unfavorable measures (ibid). Moreover the state infrastructure and its capacity to champion such long population, provide adequate medical and educational facilities and ensure jobs for it would become change magnitudely difficult.As claimed by supporters of the one child policy, the policy was merely concern with providing economic incentives and preferential treatment to families with one child such as paid pregnancy leave, lucrative salary bonus, and state sponsored or pardon educational and medical facilities, facilities that families with more than one child lack. Further disincentives created for larger families include financial penalty on birth of second and one-third child that are respectively 20 and 30 percent of the annual income of the family (Richards, 1996).The policy was tooth and nail opposed by a large correspondence of Chinese people, and especially by those in rural areas but government decided to continue with it seeing its possible benefit in domineering the population question. One of the main problems disturbing Chinese leaders was Chinas low gross national product and very simple calculations showed them that to append GNP in the longer run, they required to reduce or contain the number of people, which was the easy way against the hard route that involved working towards increasing the economic output (Feng, 1996).Containing population growth was presented was the single panacea that could increase per capita income, help achieve modernization plans, give impetus to the economy and do work the problem of additional resource requirements that r ising population presented (Feng, 1996). The one child policy is considered officially successful and instrumental in significantly reduction birth rates, fertility rates, growth rates and death rates and its evaluate that soon the population would began to decline at a faster rate as children natural after the implementation of the policy would have slight desire to have a family of more than one child (Richards). overly to wash off its hand from the negative effect of the policy, such as increased number of female feticide, and suicides among Chinese females, the government insistently attributed them to indisposed and obsolete Chinese culture and customs. Conclusion Despite the claims of the supporters and the official government, it cannot be denied that the very concept of the one child policy involves flagrant violations of the rights to live, manifold and live socially.In its zeal to implement the policy, Chinese authorities permitted such extreme measures as forcible a bortions and sterilization, which were openly illegal in all humanitarian statute (Xue and Xiaokang, 1996). By making childbearing an illegal act, the government forcibly tried to change the demographic dynamics with dangerous social consequences that threatens to create a mundane and homogenous society bereft of either relation except parents and in-laws. Also the one child policy triggered a large number of female-infanticide that threatened to dangerously alter male-female sex ratio in China.Of course the most cruel fate was reserved for those who were born outside this policy, that is the second and third child of the family who were denied any state support and facility in a perfectly state controlled society. In the aftermath of an economically prospering and comparatively stabilized China, its the call of the minute of arc for Chinese government to finally abandon and bury its anti-people one child policy and work on creation of a more informed society.